英和和英

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [tɪs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [tis]

接尾辞

-tis f (genitive -tis); third declension

1. (unproductive) suffixed to a verb stem to form a noun, usually denoting an action or result

使用する際の注意点

• This suffix appears as part of some inherited nouns, but is not productively used to derive new nouns in Latin. Its function was taken over by other synonymous suffixes; in particular, the extended form -tiō f.
• Words formed with this suffix are generally feminine, but there are a few masculine exceptions such as fūstis m (“cudgel”), vectis m (“bar; lever, crowbar; bolt”).
• Many nouns that originally ended in *-tis lost the vowel *-i- in their nominative singular, making the ending into *-ts, which was simplified to Latin -s. For example, Proto-Indo-European *méntis (“thought”) became pre-Latin *ments, yielding historical Latin mēns (“mind”), oblique stem ment(i)- (as in genitive singular mentis, genitive plural mentium): the same root is found in the Latin verb meminī (“to remember, bear in mind”). Other similarly formed nouns include mors (“death”), oblique stem mort(i)-, from the root of morior (“to die”), and fors (“chance”), oblique stem fort(i)-. However, this loss of *-i- was prevented in certain nouns, e.g. vestis, restis, messis, tussis, probably to avoid creating awkward word-final clusters such as *-sts or *-sss.
• As usual in Latin, suffix-initial -t- was regularly replaced with -s- after a verb root ending in a dental plosive (-t- or -d-), and the resulting cluster was regularly assimilated to -ss-.
• Etymologically, this suffix inflected with i-stem endings, but as with other i-stem nouns, certain case endings were altered by analogy with consonant-stem nouns. Different nouns varied in the extent to which they adopted consonant-stem endings in the oblique cases: for example, tussis almost always uses the i-stem accusative singular tussim, whereas vestis uses the accusative singular vestem, and messis is attested in the accusative singular both as messim and (more often) as messem. (Based on quem and autem, Sihler supposes that -em as in mentem is actually the regular phonetic outcome of original *-im in Latin, and considers Latin accusative singular forms ending in -im to be analogical creations; Sihler suggests the adverb ending -tim developed phonetically from earlier -tīm.)
• Based on old i-stem adverbial accusatives such as partim, the ending -tim gained an independent use as a productive suffix forming adverbs.

語形変化

Third-declension noun (i-stem).

派生語

語源 2

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [tiːs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [tis]

接尾辞

-tīs

1. masculine/feminine/neuter dative/ablative plural of -tus

参照

• Vowles, Guy Richard (1928), “Studies in Greek Noun Formation”, in Classical Philology, volume 23, page 35
• Lindsay, W. M. (1894), The Latin Language, pages 340-342
• Allen, Joseph Henry; Greenough, James B. (1903), Allen and Greenough's New Latin grammar for schools and colleges: founded on comparative grammar, Boston: Ginn and Company, § 234

発音

• (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA: /tɪz/
• 韻: -ɪz

短縮形

'tis

1. (literary or archaic, also occasionally informal) Contraction of it +‎ is.

   Synonym: it's

   ’Tis a shame!

   ’Tis but a scratch!

   • c. 1591–1595 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Romeo and Ivliet”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i]:

     No, ’tis not ſo deep as a vvell, nor ſo vvide as a church-door [i.e., a wound]; but ’tis enough, ’tvvill ſerve: aſk for me to-morrovv, and you ſhall find me a grave man.

   • 1825, Harrison’s Amusing Picture and Poetry Book, page 5:

     Why should we say ’tis yet too soon, / To seek for Heaven or think of death […]

   • 1844 (date written), Charles Dickens, “Third Quarter”, in The Chimes: A Goblin Story of Some Bells that Rang an Old Year out and a New Year in, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1845, →OCLC, page 119:

     It looks well in a picter, I’ve heerd say; but there an’t weather in picters, and maybe ’tis fitter for that, than for a place to live in.

派生語

• 'tisn't

参考

• 't
• 'twas, 'twasn't
• 'twere, 'tweren't
• 'twill/'tshall/it'll, 'twon't
• 'twould/'twou'd, 'twouldn't/'twou'dn't

アナグラム

• SIT, Sit, its, its', IST, STI, is't, ist, sit, -ist, 'its, it's, Ist, TSI, ITS, S.T.I.

アナグラム

• STI, SIT, is't, ist, sit, Sit, -ist, 'its, it's, its, its', Ist, IST, TSI, ITS, S.T.I.