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Wiktionary英語版
出典：Wiktionary
cadaver
出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/07/14 04:21 UTC 版)
発音
名詞
派生語
- cadaver dog
- cadaveric
- cadaverine
- cadaverize
- cadaverous
- cadaverously
- cadaverousness
関連する語
参照
- ↑ “cadaver, n.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
- ^ “cadāver, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
- ↑ Douglas Harper (2001–2026), “cadaver (n.)”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
- ^ “cadaver, n.”, in Cambridge English Dictionary, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: Cambridge University Press, 1999–present.
語源
From the Latin verb cadō (“to fall”), as a euphemism for dying, "the fallen one". This etymology is found as early as ca. 200 C.E. in the writings of Tertullian, who associated cadaver to cadendo:
The above derivation, refined to be from an active perfect participle *kadā-wes-, is tentatively accepted by de Vaan, albeit with reservations. Other theories include a connection to Sanskrit कलेवर (kalevara, “corpse”).
Compare typologically Russian па́даль (pádalʹ) (akin to па́дать (pádatʹ)), Ancient Greek πτῶμα (ptôma) (< πίπτω (píptō)).
A folk etymology derives cadaver syllabically from the Latin expression caro data vermibus (flesh given to worms). This etymology, more popular in Romance countries, can be traced back as early as the Schoolmen of the Middle Ages.
発音
- (Classical Latin) IPA: [kaˈdaː.wɛr]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [kaˈdaː.ver]
名詞
cadāver n (genitive cadāveris); third declension
- corpse, cadaver, carcass
- Synonyms: corpus, fūnus, mors, caedēs
語形変化
Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | cadāver | cadāvera |
| genitive | cadāveris | cadāverum |
| dative | cadāverī | cadāveribus |
| accusative | cadāver | cadāvera |
| ablative | cadāvere | cadāveribus |
| vocative | cadāver | cadāvera |
派生語
- cadāverōsus (seemingly dead)
派生した語
- Asturian: cadávere, calabre, cadabre, cadarma
- Catalan: cadàver
- Padanian:
- Romagnol: cadêvar
- English: cadaver
- French: cadavre
- Haitian Creole: kadav
- Mauritian Creole: kadav
- → Romanian: cadavru
- →? Turkish: kadavra
- Galician: cadáver, cadavre, cadable
- Italian: cadavere
- →? Turkish: kadavra
- Neapolitan: cadavere
- Portuguese: cadáver
- Sicilian: cadàviri
- Spanish: cadáver
参照
- ^ Tertullian. On the Resurrection of the Flesh. Chapter 18.
Quote: “So that it is the flesh which falls by death; and accordingly it derives its name, cadaver, from cadendo.” [1] - ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “cadō, -ere”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 78-79: “Derivatives > line 1 > cadāver, -eris”
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001), “kalevara-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan] (in German), volume III, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 74-75
Further reading
- “cadaver”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “cadaver”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “cadaver”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- “cadaver”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “cadaver”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
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