英和和英

語源

Learned borrowing from Latin nimbus (“dark cloud”). Doublet of nimb.

Sense 2 (“grey rain cloud”) was coined by the British chemist and amateur meteorologist Luke Howard (1772–1864): see the 1803 quotation.

発音

• (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA: /ˈnɪmbəs/
• 韻: -ɪmbəs
• ハイフネーション: nimb‧us

名詞

nimbus (plural nimbi or nimbuses)

1. A circle of light; a halo.
2. (meteorology) A grey rain cloud.
   • 1803 July, Luke Howard, “XVIII. On the Modifications of Clouds, and on the Principles of Their Production, Suspension, and Destruction; being the Substance of an Essay Read before the Askesian Society in the Session 1802–3.”, in Alexander Tilloch, editor, The Philosophical Magazine and Journal: Comprehending the Various Branches of Science, the Liberal and Fine Arts, Agriculture, Manufactures, and Commerce, volume XVI, number 62, London: […] [Richard Taylor] for Alexander Tilloch; and sold by Messrs. Richardson, […], →ISSN, →OCLC, pages 99–100 and 107:

     [pages 99–100] Cumulo-cirro-stratus vel Nimbus. […] The rain cloud. A cloud or system of clouds from which rain is falling. It is a horizontal sheet, above which the cirrus spreads, while the cumulus enters it laterally and from beneath. […] [page 107] The nimbus, although in itself one of the least beautiful clouds, is yet now and then superbly decorated with its attendant the rainbow; which can only be seen in perfection when backed by the widely extended uniform gloom of this modification.

使用する際の注意点

• (circle of light): In heraldry and art, a nimbus may be considered distinct from a halo. The term halo can refer to an open ring of light or of gold behind the head of a saint, while nimbus refers to a solid disk of light or gold.

派生語

• nimbused
• nimbuslike

関連する語

• nimbed

参照

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈnɪm.bʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈnim.bus]

名詞

nimbus m (genitive nimbī); second declension

1. rainstorm, rain shower
2. rain cloud, thunder cloud, storm cloud
   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneid 1.51–52:

     nimbōrum in patriam, loca fēta furentibus Austrīs,
     Aeoliam venit.

     In the homeland of storm clouds, a place teeming with raging South winds, [Queen Juno] reached Aeolia.
     (See Aeolia (mythical island); Anemoi.)

3. cloud
4. halo (visible aura of divine power)
5. throng
6. (figuratively) calamity, tempest

語形変化

Second-declension noun.

派生した語

参考

• nebula
• nūbēs
• nūbifer
• nūbigena
• nūbilum
• nūbilus

参照

• “nimbus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “nimbus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "nimbus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “nimbus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.