英和和英

別の表記

• grey (Commonwealth spelling)

語源 1

From 中期英語 gray, from 古期英語 grǣġ (West Saxon). The spelling gray reflects the West Saxon vowel development, whereas the variant grey stems from the Anglian form grēġ (through 中期英語 grey). Further derived from Proto-West Germanic *grāu, from Proto-Germanic *grēwaz (“grey”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰreh₁- (“to green, to grow”).

Cognate with West Frisian grau (“grey”), Dutch grauw (“grey”), German Low German grau, graag (“grey”), German grau (“grey”), Swedish grå (“grey”), Icelandic grár (“grey”), Latin rāvus (“tawny, grey”), Old Church Slavonic зьрѭ (zĭrjǫ, “to see, to glance”), archaic Russian зреть (zretʹ, “to watch, to look at”), Lithuanian žeriù (“to shine”).

発音

• enPR: grā, IPA: /ɡɹeɪ/
• 異形同音異義語: grey, (one pronunciation) greige
• 韻: -eɪ

形容詞

gray (comparative grayer or more gray, superlative grayest or most gray) (American spelling)

1. Of a color between black and white, having neutral hue and intermediate brightness.

   Synonyms: grayish, grizzly; see also Thesaurus:grayish

2. (sometimes figurative) Dreary, gloomy, cloudy.

   Synonyms: bleak, sombre; see also Thesaurus:cheerless

   • 1980, Daniel C. Gerould, Stanisław I. Witkiewicz, The Beelzebub Sonata: Plays, Essays, Documents:

     the era of gray, boring banality and stagnation

   • 1927, Ernest Bramah, Max Carrados Mysteries:

     It's a pretty grey outlook for England if these are a sample of the mothers of the coming generation.

3. Of indistinct, disputed or uncertain quality or acceptability.

   Synonyms: fuzzy, wooly; see also Thesaurus:vague

4. Gray-haired.

   Synonyms: grizzly, silver-haired, white-haired; see also Thesaurus:grey-haired

   I have already gone gray and lost my looks.

5. Old.

   Synonyms: cobwebbed, hoary; see also Thesaurus:old

   • 1817 December, Percy Bysshe Shelley, “The Revolt of Islam. […]”, in [Mary] Shelley, editor, The Poetical Works of Percy Bysshe Shelley. […], volume I, London: Edward Moxon […], published 1839, →OCLC, page 206:

     Two hours, whose mighty circle did embrace
     More time than might make grey the infant world,
     Rolled thus, a weary and tumultuous space: […]

   • 2004, Betty Berzon, Permanent Partners: Building Gay & Lesbian Relationships That Last, page 20:

     In a subculture that idealizes youth, being gay and gray does not exactly make one a hot ticket. Older gays and lesbians often relegate themselves to separate and unequal meeting places.

6. Relating to older people.

   Synonyms: elder, geriatric; see also Thesaurus:elderly

   the gray dollar ― the purchasing power of the elderly

   • February 8, 1800, Fisher Ames, Eulogy on Washington

     Gray experience listened to his counsels with respect, and, at a time when youth is almost privileged to be rash, Virginia committed the safety of her frontier, and ultimately the safety of America, not merely to his valor,—for that would be scarcely praise,—but to his prudence.

使用する際の注意点

• In the early 20th century, an attempt was made to introduce an artificial distinction between gray and grey, with the former being used for a "mixture of white and blue", and the latter for a "mixture of white and black"; this has not been generally adopted.

派生語

動詞

gray (third-person singular simple present grays, present participle graying, simple past and past participle grayed)

1. (ergative) To turn gray.

   My hair is beginning to gray.

2. (demography, slang) To turn progressively older, alluding to graying of hair through aging (used in context of the population of a geographic region)

   the graying of America

   • 2018 September 18, Amanda Kolson Hurley, “Fake Public Squares Are Coming to the Suburbs”, in The Atlantic‎:

     It’s not what advocates of retrofitting the suburbs may have had in mind, but it’s a logical outcome of the graying of America, and of suburbia in particular.

3. (transitive, photography) To give a soft effect to (a photograph) by covering the negative while printing with a ground-glass plate.

名詞

gray (plural grays)

1. An achromatic colour between black and white.

   grey:  

2. An animal or thing of grey colour, such as a horse, badger, or salmon.
3. A gray wolf
   • 1939, Arthur Hawthorne Carhart, quoting Bill Caywood, “World Champion Wolfer”, in Outdoor Life, volume 84, number 3:

     Caywood holds the rifle which time after time brought down a raging, snarling prairie gray.

4. A gray whale, Eschrichtius robustus.
   • 1971 Mar, National Geographic, page 411:

     Log-shaped barnacles become embedded in the hide of the gray.

5. (chiefly US, ufology) Synonym of grey alien.
6. (US, two-up) A penny with a tail on both sides, used for cheating.

派生語

参考

語源 2

Named after English physicist Louis Harold Gray (1905–1965).

名詞

gray (plural grays)

1. In the International System of Units, the derived unit of absorbed dose of radiation (radiation absorbed by a patient); one joule of energy absorbed per kilogram of the patient's mass.

   Alternative form: Gy

   Coordinate term: rad (non-SI)

派生語

参照

アナグラム

• Gary, Yarg, ragy, gyra, yarg