英和和英

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈwɪŋ.koː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈviŋ.ko]
• ハイフネーション: vin‧cō

動詞

vincō (present infinitive vincere, perfect active vīcī, supine victum); third conjugation

1. (intransitive) to win
   • 166 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Andria 890–892:

     SĪMŌ: Quid “mī pater”? Quasi tū huius indigeās patris: / Domus, uxor, līberī, inventī invītō patre! / Adductī quī illam cīvem hinc dīcant, vīcerīs.

     SIMO: What [do you mean], “my [dear] father”? As if you needed a father for this: A home, a wife, a child — [all] found against your father’s will! [And now,] if you bring here [those] who say she’s a citizen, you will have won.
     (A witness has arrived to confirm that the woman from Andros [the “uxor”-to-be] is in fact a citizen as required for legal marriage.)

   • 161 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Phormio 130–133:

     omnia haec confingam, quod erit mihi bonum atque commodum. quom tu horum nil refelles, vincam scilicet.

     I will fabricate all of it, because it will be to my benefit and advantage. Since you won't deny any of this, I will win [the case], obviously

2. (ambitransitive) to conquer, to defeat, to vanquish

   Synonyms: subigō, subiciō, dēvincō, conquestō, superō, expugnō, domō, ēvincō, prōflīgō, caedō, obruō, exsuperō, pellō, opprimō, premō, fundō; see also Thesaurus:vinco

   vēnī vīdī vīcī (47 BCE, Julius Caesar) ― I came, I saw, I conquered

   • c. 190 BCE – 185 BCE, Plautus, Amphitruo 657–658:

     quos nemo posse superari ratust, eos auspicio meo atque [in]ductu primo coetu vicimus

     • 2011 translation by Wolfgang de Melo

       No one believed they could be overcome, and yet we conquered them in the first encounter under my auspices and leadership

   • c. 95 CE, Quintilianus, Institutio oratoria 7.1.29:

     Dux qui competitorem patrem in suffragiis vicerat

     A general, who had defeated his father who was a candidate in the election

   • 396 CE, Claudius Claudianus, Panegyricus de tertio consulatu Honorii Augusti 46:

     ascensu vincere montes

     to surmount mountains

     (literally, “to prevail over the mountains in ascent”)

3. to overpower
   • c. 310 CE – c. 394 CE, Ausonius, Thanksgiving for his Consulship, Addressed to the Emperor Gratian 20.1:

     vincor magnitudine et redigor ad silentium

     I am overpowered by its grandeur and reduced to silence

Conjugation

派生語

派生した語

参照

• “vinco”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• vinco in Georges, Karl Ernst; Georges, Heinrich (1913–1918), Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch, 8th edition, volume 2, Hahnsche Buchhandlung, columns 3491–3493
• R. E. Latham, D. R. Howlett, & R. K. Ashdowne, editors (1975–2013), “vincere”, in Dictionary of Medieval Latin from British Sources‎, London: Oxford University Press for the British Academy, →ISBN, →OCLC
• “vinco”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 1677, column 3.
• Harm Pinkster, editor (2018), “vincō”, in Woordenboek Latijn/Nederlands‎, 7th revised edition, Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, →ISBN, →OCLC
• Latino-Sinicum, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
• "VINCERE", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “vincō”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to win a prize at the Olympian games: Olympia vincere (Ολύμπια νικαν)
    
  • to have self-control; to restrain oneself, master one's inclinations: animum vincere (Marcell. 3. 8)
    
  • to win a case: causā or iudicio vincere
    
  • to gain a victory, win a battle: proelio vincere
    
  • (ambiguous) in everything nature defies imitation: in omni re vincit imitationem veritas
    
  • (ambiguous) the necessaries of life: quae ad victum pertinent
    
  • (ambiguous) things indispensable to a life of comfort: res ad victum cultumque necessariae
    
  • (ambiguous) a livelihood: quae suppeditant ad victum (Off. 1. 4. 12)
    
  • (ambiguous) to earn a livelihood by something: victum aliqua re quaerere
    
  • (ambiguous) the majority were of the opinion..: sententia vincit (Liv. 2. 4. 3)
    
  • (ambiguous) to be defeated in fight, lose the battle: proelio vinci, superari, inferiorem, victum discedere