Claustrumとは 意味・読み方・使い方
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Wiktionary英語版での「Claustrum」の意味 |
claustrum
名詞
- (neuroanatomy) A thin, irregular sheet of grey matter underneath the inner part of the neocortex on both sides of the brains of mammals; its exact function is not understood, but it is believed to facilitate coordination between senses[1]
- For quotations using this term, see Citations:claustrum.
関連する語
- claustral
- claustrophobia
- claustrophilia
語源
Consists of claud- (“to close, enclose”) + -trum. From Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂ud- (“key, hook, nail”) + *-trom (“instrumental suffix”), related to Latin clāvis (“key”), clāvus (“nail, peg”), claustra (“dam, wall, barricade, stronghold”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κλείς (kleís, “bar, bolt, key”), Old High German sliozan (“to close, conclude, lock”), Old Saxon slūtan (“to close, conclude, lock”).
発音
名詞
claustrum n (genitive claustrī); second declension
- (rare, usually in the plural) a bar, band, bolt
- gate, door, bulwark
- enclosure (confined space)
- cloister (especially in plural)
- (Medieval Latin) portion of monastery closed off to laity
- (New Latin) claustrum (thin lamina of grey matter in each cerebral hemisphere of the human brain)
語形変化
Second-declension noun (neuter).
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | claustrum | claustra |
Genitive | claustrī | claustrōrum |
Dative | claustrō | claustrīs |
Accusative | claustrum | claustra |
Ablative | claustrō | claustrīs |
Vocative | claustrum | claustra |
派生した語
- Vulgar Latin: *clostrum
- Italian: chiostro, chiostra
- Old French: cloistre
- Old Occitan: [Term?]
- Occitan: clastra
- Rhaeto-Romance:
- Venetian: giostro
- → Catalan: claustre
- → English: claustrum, claustral, claustrophobia
- → Friulian: claustri
- → Galician: claustro, caustra (semi-learned)
- → Hungarian: klastrum, kalastorom, kolostor
- → Italian: claustro
- → Old Norse: klaustr
- → Polish: claustrum, klaustrum
- → Portuguese: claustro
- → Romanian: claustru
- → Romansch: claustra
- → Spanish: claustro
- West Germanic languages (borrowed post-Proto-West Germanic):
- → Old English: clauster, clūstor
- → Old Frisian: klāster
- → Old Saxon: *klōstar
- → Old Dutch: *clōster
- Middle Dutch: clôoster
- Dutch: klooster
- Limburgish: kloeaster
- Middle Dutch: clôoster
- → Old High German: klōstar
参考
参照
- claustrum in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- claustrum in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- claustrum in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius かつ others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- claustrum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
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