Vexillumとは 意味・読み方・使い方

名詞

vexillum (plural vexilla)

1. A flag, banner, or standard.
2. A company of troops serving under one standard.
3. The sign of the cross.
4. (botany) The upper petal of a papilionaceous flower.
5. (ornithology) The rhachis and web of a feather taken together.

   Synonym: vane

関連する語

• vexilloid
• vexillar
• vexillary

語源

From Proto-Italic *wekslolom, synchronically a diminutive form of vēlum.

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: /u̯eːkˈsil.lum/, [u̯eːkˈs̠ɪlːʲʊ̃ˑ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /vekˈsil.lum/, [veɡˈzilːum]
• Note: dictionaries disagree over the length of the root vowel, but there is good evidence that it was long.

名詞

vēxillum n (genitive vēxillī); second declension

1. flag, banner
   • 6th century, Venantius Fortunatus, Vexilla regis, first stanza:

     Vexilla regis prodeunt
     Fulget crucis mysterium
     Quo carne carnis conditor,
     Suspensus est patibulo.

     The Banners of the King issue forth,
     the mystery of the Cross does gleam,
     where the Creator of flesh, in the flesh,
     from the cross-bar is hung.

語形変化

Second-declension noun (neuter).

派生した語

• Friulian: vessil
• Italian: vessillo
• → Catalan: vexil·la
• → German: Vexillum
• → English: vexillum, vexillo-
• → Galician: vexilo
• → Portuguese: vexilo
• → Romanian: vexil

参照

• “vexillum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “vexillum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "vexillum", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• vexillum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to fix the ensign on the general's tent (as a signal to commence the engagement): vexillum proponere (Liv. 22. 3)
    
• “vexillum”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “vexillum”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin