novemberとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From 中期英語 Novembre, from Old French novembre, from Latin November (“ninth month”), from Latin novem, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥ (“nine”); + Latin -ber, from -bris, an adjectival suffix. November was the ninth month in the Roman calendar.

Displaced native 古期英語 blōtmōnaþ (literally “sacrifice month”), so called because the Anglo-Saxons, when they were pagans, would sacrifice in this month before the winter set in.

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /nəʊˈvɛmbə/, /nəˈvɛmbə/
• (米国発音) enPR: nō-vĕmʹbər, IPA: /noʊˈvɛmbɚ/
• (Indic) IPA: /nəˈvɛmbə(r)/
• ハイフネーション: No‧vem‧ber
• 韻: -ɛmbə(ɹ)

固有名詞

November (plural Novembers)

1. The eleventh month of the Gregorian calendar, following October and preceding December.

   Alternative forms: Nov, Nov., NOV, 11

   Holonyms: calendar year; year

   Comeronyms: January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, December

   • 1827, [John Keble], “Twenty-third Sunday after Trinity”, in The Christian Year: Thoughts in Verse for the Sundays and Holydays throughout the Year, volume II, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] [B]y W. Baxter, for J. Parker; and C[harles] and J[ohn] Rivington, […], →OCLC, page 85:

     Red o'er the forest glows the setting sun, / The line of yellow light dies fast away / That crown'd the eastern copse, and chill and dun / Falls on the moor the brief November day.

   • 2007 February 5, Roger Blench, “The Ayere and Ahan languages of Central Nigeria and their affinities”, in rogerblench.info‎, page 1:

     This is an annotated wordlist of the Ayere language, spoken in Ayere village in Kwara State, Nigeria. The wordlist was written by Mr. E.O. Olumorin for the West African Languages Survey in November 1961.

   • 2021 February 1, Rishi Iyengar, “Google will stop making video games for its Stadia platform”, in CNN Business‎:

     Stadia, Google’s cloud gaming service, launched in November 2019, with some likening it to the Netflix (NFLX) of video games.

   • 2021 December 13, Amir Vera, “Louisville detective who fatally shot Breonna Taylor is appealing his termination from the police department”, in CNN‎:

     An LMPD Board Notice of Hearing states part of Cosgrove’s hearings took place in November. The second half of his hearing is set to begin Monday and end Wednesday.

2. A female given name.

派生語

派生した語

参考

アナグラム

• Novembre

固有名詞

November

1. November

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [nɔˈwɛm.bɛr]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [noˈvɛm.ber]

形容詞

November (feminine Novembris); third-declension three-termination adjective

1. of November
   • 4 CE – c. 70 CE, Columella, De Re Rustica 6:

     Novembri mense ac Decembri per sementem quantum appetit bos.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

使用する際の注意点

In Classical Latin, month names were regularly used as adjectives, generally modifying a case-form of mēnsis m sg (“month”) or of one of the nouns used in the Roman calendar to refer to specific days of the month from which other days were counted: kalendae f pl (“calends”), nōnae f pl (“nones”), īdūs f pl (“ides”). However, the masculine noun mēnsis could be omitted by ellipsis, so the masculine singular forms of month names eventually came to be used as proper nouns.

The accusative plural adjective forms Aprīlīs, Septembrīs, Octōbrīs, Novembrīs, Decembrīs are ambiguous in writing, being spelled identically to the genitive singular forms of the nouns; nevertheless, the use of ablative singular forms in -ī and comparison with the usage of other month names as adjectives supports the interpretation of -is as an accusative plural adjective ending in Classical Latin phrases such as "kalendas Septembris".

語形変化

Third-declension three-termination adjective.

• In medieval and New Latin, the ablative singular can also be found as Novembre.

固有名詞

November m sg (genitive Novembris); third declension

1. November

   Synonym: November mensis

   • 1283 — Tomazina de Savere, published in Josip Lučić (1984) Spisi Dubrovačke Kancelarije, Knjiga II, page 303.

     Die septimo nouembris

     On the seventh day of November

語形変化

Third-declension noun (i-stem, ablative singular in -ī), singular only.

• In medieval and New Latin, the ablative singular can also be found as Novembre.

派生した語

Borrowings

Unsorted borrowings

These borrowings are ultimately but perhaps not directly from Latin. They are organized into geographical and language family groups, not by etymology.

参考

• Roman calendar on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

参照

• “November”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “November”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “November”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “November”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers