rubeusとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From rubeō (“to be red, reddish”) or from the earlier attested rubia (“madder”) with -eus.

Attested chiefly in Late Latin, for which reason its actual pronunciation could have been indistinguishable from rubius because of the merger and conflation of -ius and -eus endings. It can appear in published texts modified to a Late Latin standard by later copyists and editors, as would be the Hyginus quote below, but its dating is debated and has also been put in the second half of the 2nd century AD.

After this term's appearance, Old Latin rōbeus, variant of rōbus, was in the Empire interpreted as an alternative form of it, however, the earlier term was only used by farmers for oxen and a variety of wheat, and is attested sparsely, while rubeus appears as a general and widespread term for red. This led to rubeus being used for oxen even in contexts directly imitating Varro.

Similarly Old Latin rōbīgō was changed into rubīgō, but because of the rōb- ablaut being well-attested by the canonical poets, the change was proscribed by Imperial school teachers. The fairly obscure rōb(e)us was never so protected.

形容詞

rubeus (feminine rubea, neuter rubeum); first/second-declension adjective

1. (possibly only Late Latin) red (colour)
   • (Can we date this quote?), Gaius Julius Hyginus, “Polyidus”, in Fabulae‎:

     Mīnōs sorte audītā coepit mōnstrum ā suīs quaerere; cui dīxērunt nātum esse uītulum quī ter in diē colōrem mūtāret per quaternās hōrās, prīmum album, secundō rubeum, deinde nigrum. Minos autem ad mōnstrum solvendum augurēs convocāvit, quī cum nōn invenīrentur, Polyīdus Coeranī fīlius Bizantī mōnstrum dēmōnstrāvit, eum arborī mōrō similem esse; nam prīmum album est, deinde rubrum, cum permātūrāvit nigrum.

     Minos, having heard the oracle, began to seek a monster from among his people; they said that to them had been born a calf that would change its color three times a day every four hours, first white, second red, then black. So Minos called the augurs together to deal with the monster; when they were not found, Polyidus, son of Coeranus of Byzantium, pointed out that the monster was similar to the blackberry tree, for it is first white, then red, and when it has entirely ripened, black.

   • c. 400, Rutilius Taurus Aemilianus Palladius, Opus Agriculturae‎, book 4 (Mensis Martius), chapter 14 (De mulis et asinis), line 3:

     Admissārius tamen asinus sit huiusmodī, corpore amplō, solidō, mūsculōsō, strictīs et fortibus membrīs, nigrī vel mūrīnī maximē colōris aut rubeī: quī tamen, sī discolōrēs pilōs in palpebrīs aut auribus geret, colōrem subolis plērumque variābit.

     But a stud donkey should be of this kind: with a large, firm, muscular body, tight and strong limbs, of a black, or at most mouse-like or red, color; but if it has different-colored hairs on its eyelids or ears, then it will mostly make its offspring's color different.

語形変化

First/second-declension adjective.

同意語

• (red): ruber, russus, rūfus, (Late Latin) russātus

関連する語

派生した語

語源 2

From rubus (“bramble bush”) +‎ -eus.

形容詞

rubeus (feminine rubea, neuter rubeum); first/second-declension adjective

1. of or pertaining to the bramble or blackberry bush
   • 29 BCE, P. Vergilius Maro, Georgics‎, book 1, lines 264-7:

     Exacuunt aliī vallōs furcāsque bicornīs
     atque Amerīna parant lentae retinācula vītī.
     Nunc facilis rubeā texātur fiscina virgā,
     nunc torrēte ignī frūgēs, nunc frangite saxō.

     Others sharpen the stakes and two-horned forks
     and prepare the Amerian trellises for the flexible grapevine.
     Now let the easily-made basket be woven of blackberry twigs;
     now dry the fruits with fire, now break them with stone.

語形変化

First/second-declension adjective.

関連する語

• rubus

参照

• “rubeus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “rubeus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "rubeus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “rubeus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.