tumとは意味・読み方・使い方

名詞

tum (複数形 tums)

1. shortened form of tummy

アナグラム

• MTU, Mut., UTM, mut.

Latin

語源

From Proto-Italic *sei, from Proto-Indo-European *tóm, accusative of *só. Cf. its feminine form Latin tam, as in tamquam. Cognate with Ancient Greek τότε (tóte).

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /tum/, [t̪ʊ̃ˑ]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /tum/, [t̪um]

副詞

tum (not comparable)

1. then, thereupon

   Tum Caecilius in horto sedet.

   Then Caecilius sits in the garden.

2. at the time, at that time, then

   tum primum ― for the first time, then at first

   • Qui tum primum allato nuntio de oppugnatione Vellaunoduni ― Who then for the first time being delivered information about the siege of Vellaunodunum
     (Caesar, de Bello Gallico, VII, 11)
   • Ea tum cura maxime intentos habebat Romanos, non ab ira tantum, quae in nullam unquam ciuitatem iustior fuit, quam quod urbs tam nobilis ac potens, sicut defectione sua traxerat aliquot populos, ita recepta inclinatura rursus animos uidebatur ad ueteris imperii respectum ― This concern in particular troubled the mindful Romans at the time, not so much because of anger, which has never been more justified against any other city, rather because a city so noble and powerful, in the same way that it had attracted the support of a number of communities by its revolt, was thought would again turn attention back towards respect for the previous government once recaptured.
     (Livius, ab urbe condita)
3. further on

   ...tum silvis scaena coruscis... - Aeneid, Book 1, Line 164

使用する際の注意点

Often coupled with cum

1. Such that "tum x, cum y" = "then x, when y"
2. "cum x tum y" = "not only x but also y"
   • Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita I, 13:

     movet res cum multitudinem tum duces

     This event not only shocked the crowd but also the commanders

同意語

• (then): deinde
• (at that time): tunc

派生語

• tunc

関連する語

参照

• “tum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “tum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• tum in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2022) Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
• tum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • at the same moment that, precisely when: eo ipso tempore, cum; tum ipsum, cum
    
  • Pericles, the greatest man of his day: Pericles, quo nemo tum fuit clarior
    
  • Pericles, the greatest man of his day: Pericles, vir omnium, qui tum fuerunt, clarissimus
    
  • I was ten years old at the time: tum habebam decem annos
    
  • to be sound asleep: sopītum esse
    
  • to talk of a subject which was then the common topic of conversation: in eum sermonem incidere, qui tum fere multis erat in ore
    
  • a hand-to-hand engagement ensued: tum pes cum pede collatus est (Liv. 28. 2)
    

接尾辞

-tum

1. inflection of -tus:
   1. masculine accusative singular
   2. neuter nominative/accusative/vocative singular

語源 2

Most likely a nominalization of the neuter of -tus (adjective-forming suffix).

別の表記

• -ētum

接尾辞

-tum n (genitive -tī); second declension

(applied to noun stems)

1. (of vegetation) A grove or thicket

派生語

語源

From tumor

接中辞

-tum-

1. (pharmacology) a monoclonal antibody that targets a tumor not covered by one of the suffixes -col-, -mel-, -mar-, -got-, -gov-, -pr-/-pro-, or that targets a combination of such tumors

派生語

• cetuximab
• panitumumab

関連する語

• -mab is the base suffix common to all monoclonal antibodies. (See that entry for full paradigm.)

参照

• USP Dictionary of USAN and International Drug Names, U.S. Pharmacopeia, 2000