tumenとは 意味・読み方・使い方

固有名詞

T'u-men

1. Alternative form of Tumen (River).
   • 1882, G. W. Keeton, “Regulations for Maritime and Overland Trade between Chinese and Korean Subjects, 1882”, in The Development of Extraterritoriality in China‎, volume II, Longmans, Green & Co., published 1928, →OCLC, page 341:

     Article V.—In consideration of the numerous difficulties arising from the authority exercised by local officials over the legal traffic at such places on the boundary as I-chou, Hui-ning, and Ch’ing-yuan, it has now been decided that the people on the frontier shall be free to go to and fro and trade as they please at Ts’e-men and I-chou on the two sides of the Ya-lu River, and at Hun-ch’un and Hui-ning on the two sides of the T’u-men River.

   • [1885 July 7 [1885 June 30], “THE RUSSO-KOREAN TREATY.”, in China Mail, volume XLI, number 6846, sourced from North-China Daily News, →OCLC, page 3, column 5:

     We may also expect to hear that a Corean Consulate is to be established at Vladivostok; the opening of the Tʻu-mên river will, no doubt, be secured and telegraphic communication established with Vladivostok and such other places as may be necessary. […] The Tʻu-mên river flows close to the borders of Manchuria and its opening will probably increase the serviceableness of Possiet, which is near its mouth.]

   • 1966, Lo-shu Fu, A Documentary Chronicle of Sino-Western Relations (1644–1820)‎, volume 2, University of Arizona Press, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 431:

     Hui-ning and Hoi Ryöng (42° 22' N and 129° 43' E) was a city on the T'u-men River, which the Chinese in Ninguta used as their main market for trade with the Koreans (LPCL 3, 4b).

   • 1976, Chun Hae-jong, “Menggetimur”, in L. Carrington Goodrich, Chaoying Fang, editors, Dictionary of Ming Biography, 1368-1644 [明代名人傳], volume II, New York; London: Columbia University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, pages 1065–1066:

     In the 1380s the tribe moved southward and came to the lower valley of the T’u-men 圖們 River and finally settled down around Wo-mu-ho 斡木河, the present Hoeryong 會寧, in north Korea.

   • 1977, Roxane Witke, Comrade Chiang Chʻing‎, Little, Brown and Company, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, pages 230–231:

     On October 1, 1950, she reported, the United States crossed the 38th parallel and pressed toward the Yalu and T'u-men rivers, both within China's borders, and from there launched further attacks.

参照

別の表記

• T'u-men (Wade–Giles)

語源

From Mandarin 圖們／图们 (Túmén).

発音

• enPR: to͞oʹmǔnʹ
• ハイフネーション: Tu‧men

固有名詞

Tumen

1. A river forming part of the border between Jilin, China and North Korea, and the border between Rasŏn, North Korea and Khasansky district, Primorsky Krai, Russia.
   • 1861, E. G. Ravenstein, The Russians on the Amur‎, London: Trubner and Co., page 340:

     Another tribe, the Kwiara, live on the frontiers of Korea, on the north bank of the Tumen river, and these are probably also Orochi.

   • 1895, Trumbull White, The War in the East Japan, China, and Corea‎, Philadelphia: P.W. Ziegler & Co., →OCLC, →OL, page 374:

     The Tumen river separates Corea from Manchooria, except in the last few miles of its course, when it flows by Russian territory, the south-eastern corner of Siberia.

   • 1910, The Provinces of China, Together with a History of the First Year of H.I.M. Hsuan Tung, and an Account of the Government of China‎, Shanghai: The National Review Office, →OCLC, →OL, page 155:

     The Tumen is not yet so important as the Yalu, but with the development of a rival to Vladivostock, now a closed port, in Hunchun, it is acquiring greater importance.

   • 1950 July 24, “Background for War”, in Time‎, volume LVI, number 4, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 30:

     Springing northeast from Paektu, the cold Tumen River separates Korea from eastern Manchuria and Siberia. On the Yalu and along the swift-flowing tributaries of the Tumen stand the Japanese-built hydroelectric plants which, until the power lines were cut by the Communists at the 38th parallel, provided 90% of the electricity used in all Korea.

   • 1997 [1996], Willem van Kemenade, translated by Diane Webb, China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Inc.‎, New York: Vintage Books, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 318:

     A ride along the Chinese shore of the Tumen River illustrated its potential for development.

   • 2010 June 9, Sharon LaFraniere, “Views Show How North Korea Policy Spread Misery”, in The New York Times‎, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 11 June 2010, Asia Pacific‎:

     The Tumen River serves as part of the border between China and North Korea, with the Chinese city of Tumen on the left and the North Korean town of Namyang on the right.

2. A county-level city of Yanbian, Jilin, China.
   • 2010 June 9, Sharon LaFraniere, “Views Show How North Korea Policy Spread Misery”, in The New York Times‎, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 11 June 2010, Asia Pacific‎:

     The Tumen River serves as part of the border between China and North Korea, with the Chinese city of Tumen on the left and the North Korean town of Namyang on the right.

   • 2015, Yeonmi Park, Maryanne Vollers, “Swallows and Magpies”, in In Order to Live: A North Korean Girl's Journey to Freedom‎ (Non-fiction), Penguin Books, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 31:

     When she was ten years old, he was arrested and never heard from again. After that, Grandmother Hwang was abandoned by her family, and ended up working as a farm laborer in Tumen, China—which was then part of the Japanese empire.

   • 2018 April 12, Sue-Lin Wong, “PART 1 A POROUS BORDER The Cold Frontier”, in Reuters‎, archived from the original on 12 April 2018‎:

     Trade between China and North Korea has fallen dramatically because of sanctions, but the U.N. has not sanctioned essentials like food.
     Towards the end of the day in Tumen, we watched these women cross into China from North Korea.
     Tumen is in Yanbian, an official Korean autonomous region which people call “the third Korea” because around half the two million Chinese of Korean descent are registered there. There is a small missionary community in Yanbian - mainly South Koreans, Americans and Europeans. Some of them help North Korean defectors.

同意語

• (from Korean) Tuman

参考

• Antu

参照

Further reading

• “Tumen, T'u-men”, in Google Books Ngram Viewer
• “Tumen”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
• “Tumen”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
• “Tumen” in TheFreeDictionary.com, Huntingdon Valley, Pa.: Farlex, Inc., 2003–2025.

アナグラム

• muten, unmet