英和和英

語源

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) Uncertain. Either:

• Borrowed from Spanish Chincheo directly or indirectly via Portuguese Chincheo, ultimately from Hokkien 漳州 (Cheng-chiu, “Chiangchew/Zhangzhou”, IPA: /t͡ɕiɪŋ³³ t͡ɕiu³³/) specifically of the Quanzhou Hokkien dialect pronunciation, according to Van der Loon (1967), Boxer (1953) and the 1902 Encyclopedia from older late 1800s records, due to European sailors initially denoting on maps the Bay of Amoy and surrounding areas as "漳州" with various transcriptions such as "Chiochiu", "Chanchiu", "Chincheo", etc. as per Van der Loon (1967).
• From a supposed previous "Tsuien-chow" romanization, from Mandarin 泉州 (Quánzhōu, IPA: /t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/) according to Duncan (1902)

Compare Chiangchew. See also Hokkien 晉江／晋江 (Chìn-kang), 泉州 (Choân-chiu), 漳州 (Chiang-chiu / Cheng-chiu), 漳江.

発音

• IPA: /t͡ʃɪnˈt͡ʃuː/

固有名詞

Chinchew

1. (dated) Quanzhou (a city in southern Fujian, China)
   • 1837 May, “Coast of China: the division of it into four portions ; brief description of the principal places on the southeastern, eastern, and northeastern portions.”, in The Chinese Repository‎, volume VI, number 1, Canton, →OCLC, pages 12–13:

     The Lamyet (or Nanjeih) islands are situated to the northeastward of Chinchew bay, the nearest distant about forty miles. The mainland, leaving its usual northeastern direction, runs out due east for above thirty miles, and the first of the Lamyet islands lies off the easternmost point of it. From hence there is an almost uninterrupted series of islands and islets, up to the mouth of the Yangtsze keäng. The Lamyet islands are opposite to the entrance of a deep bay, at the bottom of which is the city of Hinghwa foo, the capital of the most fertile portion of Fuhkeën. This bay, however, has not yet been visited by foreigners. The outermost of the Lamyet islands, named by Ross Ocksou, was found, when passed by the ships of Lord Amherst’s embassy, to be in lat .24° 59' 15" north, lon. 119° 34' 30" east. About thirty miles further to the northward, we pass between an island of peculiar form and the main. This island is named Haetan, the altar of the sea ; in shape it is semicircular, and of nearly equal breadth throughout. A few miles above this island we reach the mouth of the river Min.

   • 1894, John Gerardus Fagg, Forty Years in South China‎, New York: Anson D. F. Randolph & Company, →OCLC, →OL, page 135:

     It was then suggested that if two more men were ready perhaps it would be well to appoint them for the region north of us, to carry the Gospel to the villages and towns between Amoy and Chinchew and see whether the way might not be open to begin operations in that city. Chinchew is an important city near the seacoast, about one-third of the way from Amoy to Foochovv. The suggestion concerning the appointment of men for Chinchew was new to us.

   • 1975, Peter Ward Fay, The Opium War 1840-1842‎, Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, published 1997, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 124:

     They holed easily; once, off Chinchew, when Dent’s Lord Amherst chose to send a few warning rounds over the heads of several anchored rather too close, a gun happened to hang fire until the ship rolled, and she accidentally put a ball smack into one and saw her fill and go down.

   • 1989, Gunnar Thompson, Nu Sun‎, Fresno, CA: Pioneer Publishing Co., →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 214:

     Worcester (1972, 22) indicates that the whitewash used on ships around Chinchew, China, contains wood oil extracted from the poisonous seeds of Dryandra cordifolia which prevents attack by sea worms.

   • 2016, Liam Byrne, “William Jardine”, in Dragons: Ten Entrepreneurs Who Built Britain‎, Head of Zeus, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 227:

     Sailing under Spanish colours with his cousin William McKay at the helm, Matheson left the safe haven of Canton and headed north to Chinchew (Quanzhou), in Fujian. There, Matheson managed to offload $80,000- (over £17,000)- worth of the drug — enough to persuade him to return in the autumn - when storms forced his ship to take shelter 30 miles short of Chinchew in what turned out to be the region’s principal opium port.

   • 2019 April 21, Jojie Alcantara, “The Jose Rizal Square in Jinjiang, China”, in SunStar‎, archived from the original on 01 April 2023‎:

     Rizal’s great, great grandfather named Domingo Lamco (also called Lam-co, Cua Yi Lam in Hokkien or Ke Yi-nan in Mandarin) was a native of Sionque, in the Chinchew district of the province of Fookien. He migrated to the Philippines due to political unrest in China and settled in Calamba in 1697.

   • For more quotations using this term, see Citations:Chinchew.

Further reading

• “Chinchew” in TheFreeDictionary.com, Huntingdon Valley, Pa.: Farlex, Inc., 2003–2024.
• Van der Loon, Piet (1967) “The Manila Incunabula and Early Hokkien Studies, Part 2”, in Asia Major (New Series)‎, volume 13, page 97 & 100
• Charles Ralph Boxer (1953) “South China in the Sixteenth Century: Being the Narratives of Galeote Pereira, Fr. Gaspar Da Cruz, O.P. [and] Fr. Martín de Rada, O.E.S.A. (1550-1575).”, in Issue 106 of Works issued by the Hakluyt Society‎, number 106, London: Hakluyt Society, pages 313-326
• Duncan, Annie N. (1902) The City of Springs or Mission Work in Chinchew‎, Edinburgh & London: Oliphant Anderson & Ferrier, page 17
• “Chinchew (Chinchu) (currently known as: Quanzhou)”, in 1902 Encyclopedia‎, 2024 February 13 (last accessed), archived from the original on 2023-05-15