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語源

Inherited from 中期英語 fraude (recorded since 1345), from Old French fraude, a borrowing from Latin fraus (“deceit, injury, offence”).

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /fɹɔːd/
• (Standard Southern British, General Australian, New Zealand) IPA: /fɹoːd/
• (米国発音)
  • (without the cot–caught merger) enPR: frôd, IPA: /fɹɔd/
  • (cot–caught merger) enPR: frŏd, IPA: /fɹɑd/
• (Scotland) IPA: /fɾɔd/
• (Wales) IPA: /fɾɔːd/
• 韻: -ɔːd

名詞

fraud (countable and uncountable, plural frauds)

1. (law) The crime of stealing or otherwise illegally obtaining money by use of deception tactics.

   Synonyms: swindle, scam, deceit, grift

2. Any act of deception carried out for the purpose of unfair, undeserved or unlawful gain.

   Synonym: fiddle

   • 1712 May, [Alexander Pope], “The Rape of the Locke. An Heroi-comical Poem.”, in Miscellaneous Poems and Translations. […], London: […] Bernard Lintott […], →OCLC, canto II:

     When success a lover's toil attends, / Few ask, if fraud or force attain'd his ends.

   • 2006, Edwin Black, chapter 1, in Internal Combustion‎:

     But electric vehicles and the batteries that made them run became ensnared in corporate scandals, fraud, and monopolistic corruption that shook the confidence of the nation and inspired automotive upstarts.

3. The assumption of a false identity to such deceptive end.
4. A person who performs any such trick.

   Synonyms: faker, fraudster, imposter, trickster; see also Thesaurus:deceiver

5. (obsolete) A trap or snare.
   • 1671, John Milton, “The First Book”, in Paradise Regain’d. A Poem. In IV Books. To which is Added, Samson Agonistes, London: […] J[ohn] M[acock] for John Starkey […], →OCLC:

     to draw the proud King Ahab into fraud

派生語

動詞

fraud (third-person singular simple present frauds, present participle frauding, simple past and past participle frauded)

1. (transitive, obsolete) To defraud.

参考