英和和英

読み方 がい

名詞

1

Harm; hurt; injury; wrong; damage; mischief; detriment; prejudice; bane; ill effects:（=する） to harm （one's interests）; to hurt （one's feelings）; to injure, wrong （a man）; to impair （one's health）; to damage, do damage to （the crops）; to spoil （one's beauty）; to corrupt （one's morals）; to do mischief to （one's constitution）; to be injurious to （one's health）; to be detrimental to （health）; to be prejudicial to （one's interests）; to be destructive to （public morals）; to play the devil with, play the mischief with, play havoc with （one's constitution, etc.）:（=ある） bad （for the health）; hurtful （to the eye）; harmful （to the crops）; injurious （to health）; prejudicial （to one's interests）; derogatory （to one's character）; destructive （to or of public morals）; fatal （to art）; ruinous （to the state）; noxious （plants or insects）; malignant （genius）; deleterious （influence）; baneful （superstition）; baleful （night-air, etc.）:（=なき） harmless （amusement）; innoxious （plants or insects）; innocuous （snake）

用例

• 健康を害す
  to injure one's health―impair one's health―ruin one's health

• 彼は健康を害している
  He is in ill health―out of health.
• 人の感情を害す
  to hurt one's feelings―wound one's pride
• 彼は感情を害している
  He feels hurt
  He is hurt
  His pride is wounded.
• 人の名誉を害す
  to injure one's reputation
• 人の名誉を害するようなことを言うものでない
  You should not say things which are injurious to people's reputation.
• 人の利益を害す
  to harm one's interests
• そんな条約をされては日本の利益を害す
  Such a treaty would be prejudicial to Japan's interests.
• 人を害す
  to injure a man―wrong a man―kill a man
• （人から）害をこうむる
  to suffer wrong―suffer injuries
• 農作物を害す
  to harm the crops―do harm to the crops―damage the crops―do damage to the crops―do mischief to the crops
• 風景を害す
  to impair the beauty of the scenery―spoil the scenery
• 風儀を害す
  to corrupt one's morals
• 風教を害す
  to corrupt the public morals―be injurious to public morals―be destructive to public morals
• 風紀を害す
  to be injurious to discipline
• 平和を害す
  to be prejudicial to peace
• 安寧を害す
  to disturb the public peace
• 敵に害を加える
  to inflict damage upon the enemy
• 彼は放蕩をしてひどく身体を害した
  Riotous life has played the devil with his constitution―played the deuce with his constitution―played the mischief with his constitution.
• 悪い食物が胃を害す
  Bad food plays havoc with one's digestion.

ａ

用例

• 害になる
  to do one harm

• 酒は身体の害になる
  Wine will do you harm.
• 小量の酒は害にはならぬ、かえって薬だ
  A little wine will do you no harm―do you more good than harm.
• 酒の害
  the effects of drinking
• 君が干渉すると益にはならぬ、かえって害になる（有害無益）
  You interference will do no good―do more harm than good.
• 金は芸術の害になる
  Gold is fatal to art.
• こんな本は風教の害になる
  Such books are injurious to public morals―destructive to public morals.
• 北風は農作物の害になる
  The north wind is harmful to the crops.

ｂ

用例

• 健康に害あり、衛生に害あり
  It is bad for the health―injurious to health―detrimental to health―destructive of health.

• 酒と煙草は養生に害あり
  Wine and tobacco are bad for the health―injurious to health.
• 衛生に害ある職業
  an unhealthful occupation
• 衛生に害ある食物
  unwholesome food
• 衛生に害ある空気
  unsalubrious air

2

（＝Good に対し）evil

用例

• 一利あれば一害あり（一利一害）
  Where there is good, there is evil.

• 金は世を益する力ともなりまた世を害する力ともなる
  Money may be a power for good or a power for evil.

3

（＝災害）a pest; a plague

用例

• オーストラリアの兎害
  the rabbit pest of Australia

• 蠅害
  a fly pest
  a plague of flies