英和和英

語源

A clipped or hypochoristic form of Joanna, from Latin Joanna, from Koine Greek Ἰωάννα (Iōánna), from Hebrew יוֹחָנָה‎ (Yôḥānāh, literally “God is gracious”), the feminized form of יְהוֹחָנָן‎ (Yəhōḥānān) which produced John and its many doublets. As a placeholder name, cf. similar use of John and Jack.

Doublet of Ivana, Jana, Jane, Janice, Janis, Jean, Jeanne, Jen, Joanna, Joanne, Johanna, Juana, Shavonne, Sian, Siobhan, Shane, Shaun, Shauna, and Sheena.

発音

• (General American) IPA^(key): /d͡ʒoʊn/
• (Received 発音) IPA^(key): /d͡ʒəʊn/
• 韻: -əʊn

固有名詞

Joan

1. A female given name from French, a feminine form of John.
   • 1979, Margaret Atwood, Lady Oracle, p. 336:

     Maybe my mother didn't name me after Joan Crawford after all, I thought; she just told me that to cover up. She named me after Joan of Arc, didn't she know what happened to women like that?

使用する際の注意点

Joan was the usual feminine form of John in the Middle Ages. It was superseded by Jane in the 17th century, but was again very popular during the first half of the 20th century.

派生語

• Joanie, Joany

名詞

Joan (複数形 Joans)

1. (colloquial, obsolete or archaic) A placeholder or conventional name for any woman, particularly a younger lower-class woman.
   • 1598, William Shakespeare, Loues Labors Lost, 1st Quarto, Act III, Scene i:

     Ber. O and I forsoth in loue, I that haue been loues whip?...
     Well, I will loue, write, sigh, pray, shue, grone,
     Some men must loue my Ladie, and some Ione.

   • 1606, Thomas Heywood, If You Knouu Not Me, You Know No Bodie:

     Joan’s as good as this French lady.

   • 1611, John Davies, "Vpon Englishe Prouerbs", Scourge of Folly, §386:

     ‘Ioan in the darke is as good as my lady:’
     Nay, perhapps better, such ladies there may bee.

   • 1623, William Shakespeare, The Life and Death of King Iohn, Act I, Scene i:

     Bast. A foot of Honor better then I was,
     But many a many foot of Land the worse.
     Well, now can I make any Ioane a Lady,
     Good den Sir Richard, Godamercy fellow,
     And if his name be George, Ile call him Peter;
     For new made honor doth forget mens names...

   • 1931, Arthur Melville Clark, Thomas Heywood, p. 12:

     ...when Henslowe notes Heywood's next play he has a little more respect for him; for, although the total was again but five pounds, three pounds on February 10, 1598/9 and the rest two days later, the dramatist on both occasions is Mr. Heywood. The only surviving fragment of the piece, ‘Jonne as good as my ladey’, may be a song in Γυναικεῖον with the burden 'What care I how faire she bee...

   • 2014, Antonia Senior, Treason's Daughter, p. 169:

     A wife. But what wife and when? Pretty, yes, but godly and modest. He remembers something Taffy said once: ‘A homely Joan is as good as a lady when the lights are out.’ Aye, Taf, he thinks, but best to marry one whose face you can worship. An image of Lucy Tompkins pops unbidden into his mind.

2. (fashion, obsolete or archaic) A kind of close-fitting cap for women popular in the mid-18th century.
   • 1756, Connoisseur, No. 134, p. 810:

     A grocer's wife attractd our eyes by a new-fashioned cap called a Joan.

使用する際の注意点

Despite being a common noun, the word is still treated as a name and capitalized as such. In the 16th and 17th centuries, often with implications of plain appearance but sexual availability. In the 18th and 19th centuries, often with implication of rusticness.

同意語

• Jill, Jane

等位語

• Jack, John

派生語

• Joan's as good as my lady in the dark

参照

• “Joan, n.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, 2022.

アナグラム

• ajon