英和和英

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• life-guard (dated)

語源

From life +‎ guard, calque of Dutch lijfgarde, where life has the sense of Dutch lijf (“body”) (hence literally “bodyguard”). Compare German Leibgarde (“bodyguard”), Danish livgarde (“bodyguard”), Swedish livgarde (“bodyguard”). Compare also 古期英語 līfweard (“guardian of life”).

発音

• (General American) IPA: /ˈlaɪfˌɡɑɹd/

名詞

lifeguard (plural lifeguards)

1. A lifesaver: a rescuer, usually an expert swimmer, employed to save swimmers in trouble or near drowning at a body of water.
   • 2025 February, Rick Lane, “Review: Planet Coaster 2”, in PC Gamer (US)‎, number 392, page 67; published online 1 November 2024:

     It's also generally wise to recruit lifeguards to ensure visitor safety, as bathers can panic in the water and require assistance.

2. (uncommon) A bodyguard or unit of bodyguards, a guard of someone's (especially a king's) life or person.
   • 1776, The London Magazine, Or, Gentleman's Monthly Intelligencer:

     "The people's love is the king's lifeguard."

   • 1843, Edward Hyde, The History of the Rebellion and Civil Wars in England, page 553:

     [I]n the reserve were the king's lifeguard, commanded by the earl of Lindsey, and prince Rupert's regiment of foot[.]

   • 2012, Charles Oman, A History of the Art of War: The Middle Ages:

     Constantine the Great is known to have raised the five scholae of horsemen who formed the actual lifeguard of the prince, and followed his person whenever he went out to war.

3. (rail transport) A sturdy metal bracket fixed in front of each of the leading wheels of a train to deflect small objects away from the wheels to prevent derailment.
   • 2022 March 23, Philip Haigh, “Network News: Driver of ScotRail HST had only seconds to react, says RAIB”, in RAIL, number 953, page 11:

     It also looked at what effect stronger lifeguards might have had. They protect the leading wheels from small obstacles and in modern trains have coped with hitting landslip debris.

派生語

参照