英和和英

語源

From 中期英語 rethina, borrowing from Medieval Latin rētīna (“retina”, feminine noun), ellipsis of tunica rētīna (“net-like tunic”), used to describe the blood vessel system at the back of the eye. The phrase is attested in the 12th century in Guillelmus the abbot and Gerard of Cremona—the latter may have created this phrase as a translation for Arabic طَبَقَة شَبَكِيَّة (ṭabaqa šabakiyya) "net-like layer", which translates Ancient Greek ἀμφιβληστροειδής χῐτών (amphiblēstroeidḗs khĭtṓn, “retina”), which is attested in the ancient medical writer Galen.

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈɹɛt.ɪ.nə/
• (General American) IPA: /ˈɹɛt.ə.nə/, /ˈɹɛt.nə/
• 韻: -ɛtɪnə

名詞

retina (plural retinas or retinae or (archaic) retinæ)

1. (ophthalmology) The thin layer of cells at the back of the eyeball that contains rods and cones sensitive to light, which trigger nerve impulses that pass via the optic nerve to the brain, where a visual image is formed.

派生語

関連する語

参照

• “retina”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
• “retina”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.

アナグラム

• Reitan, atrine, ratiné, retain, tanier, tearin', tin ear

名詞

retina f (genitive retinae); first declension (Early Medieval Latin)

1. rein (strap or rope attached to a bridle or bit, used to control an animal)

   Synonyms: lōrum, habēna

   • 10th century, anonymous, Chronicon Salernitanum 68, (example from DuCange):

     Apprehensaque equi Retina, celeriter eum Beneventum ducebat

     Having seized the horse's rein(s), he quickly rode it to Benevento.

Inflection

First-declension noun.

派生した語

参照

• "2. RETINA", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)

語源 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

発音

• rētīna: (Classical Latin) IPA: [reːˈtiː.na]
• rētīna: (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [reˈt̪iː.na]

形容詞

rētīna

1. inflection of rētīnus:
   1. nominative/vocative feminine singular
   2. nominative/accusative/vocative neuter plural

形容詞

rētīnā

1. ablative feminine singular of rētīnus

語源 3

Ellipsis of tunica rētīna (“a net-like tunic”), referring to the fibrillar texture of the eye's retina. The phrase is attested since at least the 12th century, and this noun usage since the 13th c.

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [reːˈtiː.na]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [reˈt̪iː.na]

名詞

rētīna f (genitive rētīnae); first declension

1. (Medieval Latin, anatomy) the retina of an eye
   • 13th c., Roger Bacon, Opus maius 5.1.2.3:

     Et dicit Avicenna quarto de Animalibus, quod retina ducit nutrimentum secundum veritatem ad partes oculi

     And Avicenna says in his fourth book on Animals that the retina actually takes nutrients to the parts of the eye

Inflection

First-declension noun.

派生した語

• → Italian: retina
• → Middle English: rethina
  • English: retina

参照

語源 4

An etymologising spelling, closer to the word’s etymon Ancient Greek ῥητῑ́νη (rhētī́nē, “resin of the pine”).

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [reːˈtiː.na]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [reˈt̪iː.na]

名詞

rētīna f (genitive rētīnae); first declension

1. medieval spelling of rēsīna (“resin”)

Inflection

First-declension noun.

参照

• "1. RETINA", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)