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語源

Borrowing from Latin vertebra (“a joint”), from vertō (“to turn”) +‎ -bra (instrumental nominal suffix). Having multiple vertebrae (plural of vertebra) in one's backbone instead of having a single bone or solid spine, allows for the movement of the body with bends and turns. Hence meaning 1.

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈvɜː.tɪb.ɹə/
• (General American) IPA: /ˈvɝ.təb.ɹə/, /ˈvɝ.təˌbɹeɪ/
• 韻: -ɜː(ɹ)tɪbɹə

名詞

vertebra (plural vertebrae or (obsolete) vertebræ or vertebras)

1. (anatomy) Any of the bony or cartilaginous segments which make up the backbone, consisting in some lower vertebrates of several distinct elements which never become united, and in higher vertebrates having a short more or less cylindrical body whose ends articulate by pads of elastic or cartilaginous tissue with those of adjacent vertebrae and a bony arch that encloses the spinal cord.

   Synonym: (rare) spondyle

   Hyponym: anticlinal vertebra

   Meronyms: see Thesaurus:vertebra

   • 1886 October – 1887 January, H[enry] Rider Haggard, She: A History of Adventure, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., published 1887, →OCLC:

     Already I seemed to hear the water rippling against the desiccated bones and rattling them together, rolling my skull against Mahomed's, and his against mine, till at last Mahomed's stood straight up upon its vertebræ, and glared at me through its empty eyeholes, and cursed me with its grinning jaws, because I, a dog of a Christian, disturbed the last sleep of a true believer.

派生語

関連する語

• vertebrally

参考

• coccyx

参照

• “vertebra”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
• “vertebra”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.

語源 1

From vertō (“to turn”) +‎ -bra (instrumental nominal suffix). Doublet of vertebrum.

名詞

vertebra f (genitive vertebrae); first declension

1. a joint
2. (anatomy) a joint, vertebra of the spine

Inflection

First-declension noun.

派生語

• vertebrālis (adjective)
• vertebrātus (adjective)

派生した語

語源 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

名詞

vertebra n

1. nominative/accusative/vocative plural of vertebrum

参照

• “vertebra”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “vertebra”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.