英和和英

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ɔːlˈɹɛdi/
• (General American)
  • (cot–caught merger) IPA: /ɑlˈɹɛdi/
  • (without the cot–caught merger) IPA: /ɔlˈɹɛdi/
• (Indic) IPA: /ˈɔlrɛɖi/, /əlˈrɛɖi/
• ハイフネーション: al‧read‧y
• 韻: -ɛdi

副詞

already (not comparable)

1. Prior to some specified time, either past, present, or future; by this time; previously.

   I was surprised that she hadn’t already told me the news.

   Much of what he said I knew already.

   I still haven't seen that movie. I hope you haven't already seen it either.

   • 1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book VI, Canto IX”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:

     Tho, when-as all things ready were aright, / The Damzel was before the Altar ſet, / Being already dead with fearful fright.

   • 1749, [John Cleland], “(Please specify the letter or volume)”, in Memoirs of a Woman of Pleasure [Fanny Hill], London: […] [Thomas Parker] for G. Fenton [i.e., Fenton and Ralph Griffiths] […], →OCLC:

     slipping then my cloaths off, I crept under the bed-cloaths, where I found the young stripling already nestled, and the touch of his warm flesh rather pleas'd than alarm'd me.

   • 1891 June 25, A[rthur] Conan Doyle, “Adventures of Sherlock Holmes. Adventure I.—A Scandal in Bohemia.”, in Geo[rge] Newnes, editor, The Strand Magazine: An Illustrated Monthly, volume II, London: George Newnes, Limited, […], published July 1891, →OCLC:

     It was already dusk, and the lamps were just being lighted as we paced up and down in front of Briony Lodge, waiting for the coming of its occupant.

   • 2013 July 20, “Welcome to the plastisphere”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8845:

     Plastics are energy-rich substances, which is why many of them burn so readily. Any organism that could unlock and use that energy would do well in the Anthropocene. Terrestrial bacteria and fungi which can manage this trick, already familiar to experts in the field.

2. So soon.

   Are you quitting already?

3. (US, Canada) An intensifier used to emphasize impatience or express exasperation.

   I wish they'd finish already, so we can get going.

   Enough already!

   Be quiet already!

   • 1988 June 24, Liz Smith, Toledo Blade‎, Toledo, Ohio, page P-5:

     Enough already with the lack of glamour!

4. (Singapore, Singlish) Indicates the completion of an action (whether past or hypothetical), or more generally, perfective aspect.

   Synonym: (Singlish) liao

   You frame the picture for me already anot? ― Have you framed the picture yet?

   • 1999, Alfian Sa'at, Corridor, Singapore: SNP Editions, →OCLC, page 136:

     “Yah, I sign already,” my mother replied.

5. (Singapore, Singlish) Marks a change in state, more or less in the same manner as the inchoative aspect.

   Synonym: (Singlish) liao

   I don’t think he can take it already. ― I don’t think he can take it any more.

   Your ice cream is melting already. ― Your ice cream is starting to melt.

   Overcook already, need to redo. ― We’ve overcooked it, we need to redo it.

   Your grandmother angry already. ― Now your grandmother’s angry.

   • 2006, Elangovan, Smegma, →ISBN, page 39:

     Cannot wait already, buay tahan already. I hope she doesn’t complain to anyone.

   • 2009, Jean Tay, Boom, Epigram Books, →ISBN, Act I, scene ii:

     Okay lah, okay lah. Maybe I senile already. Like this house.

   • 2014, Jolene Tan, A Certain Exposure, Epigram Books, →ISBN:

     Thank you ah, Mabel. But I think now don’t need already lah, make you come all the way to Braddell so leceh.

   • 2022, Daren Shiau, chapter VIII, in Heartland, Ethos Books, →ISBN:

     “Wah, so tall already, ah? Primary what already, ha?

使用する際の注意点

• Already may be used with the present perfect (I have already done that), the past perfect (I had already done it by then), the future perfect (When you arrive, the business will already have been completed) or the simple future (When you arrive, the business will already be complete).
• "Already" and "all ready" do not mean the same thing. The two-word term can be used to mean "fully prepared."
• (Singapore English): See liao.

派生語

派生した語

• → Gulf Arabic: أوردي (orridi)

参考

• yet

参照

• Bao, Zhiming (1995), “Already in Singapore English”, in World Englishes‎, volume 14, number 2, pages 181–188
• Douglas Harper (2001–2026), “already”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.

アナグラム

• Yaralde, adlayer