英和和英

語源

Borrowed from Middle French fortification, from Late Latin fortificatio, fortificationem, from fortifico, from Latin fortis. By surface analysis, fort +‎ -ification.

発音

• IPA: /ˌfɔː(ɹ)tɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/, /ˌfɔː(ɹ)tɪfəˈkeɪʃən/
• 韻: -eɪʃən

名詞

fortification (countable and uncountable, plural fortifications)

1. The act of fortifying; the art or science of fortifying places to strengthen defence against an enemy.
   • 1927 February 28, “FRANCE: Poincaré’s Week”, in TIME‎, archived from the original on 29 April 2025:

     Premier Raymond Poincaré, ever an arch militarist, took full advantage of last week’s war scare in the Belgian Parliament to trumpet through the inspired Parisian press that France must drastically increase her armaments. While this propaganda was at its height, he announced to the Chamber that the first important measure to be presented by the Cabinet during the present session (TIME, Nov. 22 et seq.) will be a bill appropriating several billion francs for armaments and fortification of the Franco-German and Franco-Italian frontiers.

2. That which fortifies; especially, a work or works erected to defend a place against attack; a fortified place; a fortress; a fort; a castle.

   Synonym: bastion

   • 1881, John Kirby Hedges, The history of Wallingford‎, volume 1, page 170:

     Kenett states that the military works still known by the name of Tadmarten Camp and Hook-Norton Barrow were cast up at this time ; the former, large and round, is judged to be a fortification of the Danes, and the latter, being smaller and rather a quinquangle than a square, of the Saxons.

   • 1910, Emerson Hough, chapter I, in The Purchase Price: Or The Cause of Compromise, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:

     “[…] We are engaged in a great work, a treatise on our river fortifications, perhaps? But since when did army officers afford the luxury of amanuenses in this simple republic? […] ”

   • 2022 January 12, Dr. Joseph Brennan, “Castles: ruined and redeemed by rail”, in RAIL, number 948, page 54:

     As Edwin Clark [...] wrote in 1850: "[...] The lofty towers of the castle overhang the western approach to the Bridge, and the line passes into Conway through an opening pierced in the embattled wall, which entirely surrounds the town. These fortifications are in good preservation, and rank among the most perfect examples of the strongholds of the 13th century."

3. An increase in effectiveness, as by adding ingredients.
   • 1979 July, Kiplinger's Personal Finance, volume 33, number 7, page 47:

     Compare the nutrition information label of a regular ready-to-eat fortified cereal with that of a presweetened brand and you'll note that, although the sweetened one's sugar content is higher, the fortification is virtually identical.

4. A jagged pattern sometimes seen during an attack of migraine.

派生語

関連する語

• fortify