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別の表記

• losenge (廃れた用法)

語源

From Middle English losenge, from Old French losenge (“rhombus”), from Old French *lose (“flag-stone”), from Vulgar Latin *lausa.

発音

• (英国発音) IPA^(key): /ˈlɒz.ɪnd͡ʒ/
• (米国発音) IPA^(key): /ˈlɑ.zɪnd͡ʒ/
• (General Australian) IPA^(key): /ˈlɔz.ɪnd͡ʒ/

名詞

lozenge (複数形 lozenges)

1. (shapes, heraldry) A quadrilateral with sides of equal length (rhombus), having two acute and two obtuse angles.

   Synonyms: (くだけた用法) diamond, rhomb, (most common in 数学) rhombus

   • 1658, Sir Thomas Browne, The Garden of Cyrus, Folio Society, published 2007, page 167:

     Wherein the decussis is made within a longilaterall square, with opposite angles, acute and obtuse at the intersection; and so upon progression making a Rhombus or Lozenge figuration [...].

   • 1848, William Makepeace Thackeray, chapter 9, in Vani8ty Fair:

     How the junior partner of Hobbs and Dobbs leads her smiling to the carriage with the lozenge upon it, and the fat wheezy coachman!

   • 2004, Richard Fortey, The Earth, Folio Society, published 2011, page 14:

     The floor is constructed from marble lozenges and triangles of every imaginable hue: yellow and pink and all manner of mottled and blotched shades, framed in white.

2. A small tablet (originally diamond-shaped) or medicated sweet used to ease a sore throat.

   Synonyms: pastille, throat pastille, troche, lozzy

   • 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter III, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:

     One saint's day in mid-term a certain newly appointed suffragan-bishop came to the school chapel, and there preached on “The Inner Life.”  He at once secured attention by his informal method, and when presently the coughing of Jarvis […] interrupted the sermon, he altogether captivated his audience with a remark about cough lozenges being cheap and easily procurable.

派生語

• conversation lozenge
• lozenge coach

動詞

lozenge (三人称単数 現在形 lozenges, 現在分詞 lozenging, 過去形および過去分詞形 lozenged)

1. (transitive) To form into the shape of a lozenge.
2. (transitive) To mark or emblazon with a lozenge.

Further reading

• lozenge on Wikipedia.