英和和英

語源 1

Types of fruit-flavoured pastilles (sense 1).

A pastille (sense 3.2) or cough drop containing eucalyptus oil and menthol.

Partly from the following:

• From Late 中期英語 pastil, pastill (“crushed leek leaves; vegetable pulp”), borrowed from Old French pastel, probably from Latin pastillus, pastillum (“small bread roll; lozenge to freshen breath; medicated lozenge”), possibly from pāstus (“fed, nourished; consumed; having eaten; of an animal: driven to pasture, pastured; having browsed or grazed”) + -illus (diminutive suffix). Pāstus is the perfect passive participle of pāscō (“to feed, nourish; to maintain, support; of an animal: to drive to pasture, pasture; to browse, graze”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂- (“to protect; to shepherd”).
• Borrowed from French pastille (“candy or medicinal lozenge; small fragrant pellet burnt to perfume the air; pellet, pill”), and from its etymon Spanish pastilla (“candy or medicinal lozenge; small fragrant pellet burnt to perfume the air”), from Latin pastillus, pastillum; see above.

Doublet of pastegh, pastel, pastiglia, pastila, and pastilla.

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈpæst(ɪ)l/
• (General American) IPA: /pæsˈtil/
• 韻: -ɪl (GA pronunciation)
• ハイフネーション: past‧ille

名詞

pastille (plural pastilles)

1. A flavoured candy or sweet, often round and somewhat flat in shape.
2. Any small, usually round and somewhat flat, granular piece of material; a tablet.
   • 2003, The Complete Drawing & Painting Course, →ISBN, page 201:

     Watercolors of professional quality come in small pastilles of dry pigment, in pans of semi-moist paint, or in tubes or bottles of liquid watercolor.

   1. (specifically, historical) A small pellet containing aromatic substances, burned to diffuse a fragrance or to disinfect or fumigate.
      • 1891, Oscar Wilde, The Picture of Dorian Gray:

        At the end he felt faint and sick, and having lit some Algerian pastilles in a pierced copper brazier, he bathed his hands and forehead with a cool musk-scented vinegar.

3. (pharmacy)
   1. (historical) A medicinal pill, originally made of compressed herbs.
      • 1961, Harry E. Wedeck, Dictionary of Aphrodisiacs, New York: The Citadel Press, page 14:

        In the desperate search for amatory satisfactions, the most monstrous ingredients have throughout the ages, been sought and compounded into electuaries and pastilles, philtres and ointments.

   2. A candy- or sweet-like lozenge, which, when sucked, releases substances that soothe a sore throat, and sometimes vapours to help unblock the nose or sinuses.

      Synonyms: cough drop, troche

別の表記

• pastil (obsolete)

派生語

動詞

pastille (third-person singular simple present pastilles, present participle pastilling, simple past and past participle pastilled)

1. (transitive) To make into a pastille.

語源 2

See pastel.

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈpæstl̩/
• (General American) IPA: /pæsˈtɛl/
• 韻: -æstəl, -ɛl
• ハイフネーション: past‧ille

名詞

pastille (plural pastilles)

1. (obsolete, art) Nonstandard spelling of pastel (“a crayon made from a type of dried paste; a drawing made using such crayons”).
   • 1867, Indiana. State Board of Agriculture, Annual Report of the Indiana State Board of Agriculture:

     Best specimen of fancy painting, pastille, Emily C. Dills, Fort Wayne, Indiana.

   • 1873, Annual Report of the State Board of Agriculture of the State of Missouri:

     Pastille, Crayon or Chalk on Photograph.

   • 1913, University of Kansas, Bulletin - Volume 14, Issue 12 , page 35:

     Painting with water color, oil, or pastille, from still life.

参照

Further reading

• pastille on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• “pastille”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

アナグラム

• palliest, stipella