英和和英

発音

• IPA: /ˈfiːd/, [ˈfɪi̯d]
• 韻: -iːd
• ハイフネーション: feed

語源 1

From 中期英語 feden, from 古期英語 fēdan (“to feed”), from Proto-West Germanic *fōdijan, from Proto-Germanic *fōdijaną (“to feed”), from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂- (“to guard, graze, feed”). Cognate with West Frisian fiede (“to nourish, feed”), Dutch voeden (“to feed”), Danish føde (“to bring forth, feed”), Swedish föda (“to bring forth, feed”), Icelandic fæða (“to feed”), and more distantly with Latin pāscō (“feed, nourish”, verb) through Indo-European. More at food, fodder.

動詞

feed (third-person singular simple present feeds, present participle feeding, simple past and past participle fed)

1. (transitive) To give (someone or something) food to eat.

   Feed the dog every evening.

   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Romans 12:20:

     If thine enemy hunger, feed him.

2. (intransitive) To eat (usually of animals).

   Spiders feed on gnats and flies.

   • 1726 October 28, [Jonathan Swift], Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World. […] [Gulliver’s Travels], volume I, London: […] Benj[amin] Motte, […], →OCLC, part I (A Voyage to Lilliput):

     “The treasurer was of the same opinion: he showed to what straits his majesty’s revenue was reduced, by the charge of maintaining you, which would soon grow insupportable; that the secretary’s expedient of putting out your eyes, was so far from being a remedy against this evil, that it would probably increase it, as is manifest from the common practice of blinding some kind of fowls, after which they fed the faster, and grew sooner fat;[...]

   • 1879, R[ichard] J[efferies], chapter 1, in The Amateur Poacher, London: Smith, Elder, & Co., […], →OCLC:

     But then I had the [massive] flintlock by me for protection. ¶ […] The linen-press and a chest on the top of it formed, however, a very good gun-carriage; and, thus mounted, aim could be taken out of the window at the old mare feeding in the meadow below by the brook, and a 'bead' could be drawn upon Molly, the dairymaid, kissing the fogger behind the hedge, […].

   • 1914, Ernest Bramah, Max Carrados:

     If we have time we might go on to Brighton, feed at the 'Ship,' and come back in the cool.

   • 1983, Richard Ellis, The Book of Sharks, Knopf, →ISBN, page 89:

     While feeding, the basking shark swims at about two knots per hour, and this enables it to eat and breathe in the same motion.

3. (ditransitive) To give (someone or something) to (someone or something else) as food.

   Don't feed him too much; he's still a baby.

   Feed the fish to the dolphins.

   • 2012 December 25 (airdate), Steven Moffat, The Snowmen (Doctor Who)

     DR SIMEON: I said I'd feed you. I didn't say who to.

   • 2024 November 28, Taryn Kaur Pedler & Will Stewart, “Farm murder horror as girl, 17, is fed to pigs while still ALIVE 'after being beaten and raped by worker who held a grudge against her father'”, in dailymail.com‎:

     A young female farm worker was fed alive to a herd of pigs after allegedly being brutally raped and beaten by a colleague with a grudge against her father.

4. (transitive) To give to a machine to be processed.

   Feed the paper gently into the document shredder.

5. (transitive) To supply (a machine) with something to be processed.

   We got interesting results after feeding the computer with the new data.

6. (transitive, figurative) To satisfy, gratify, or minister to (a sense, taste, desire, etc.).
   • c. 1596–1598 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merchant of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iii]:

     If I can catch him once upon the hip, / I will feed fat the ancient grudge I bear him.

   • 1603, Richard Knolles, The Generall Historie of the Turkes, […], London: […] Adam Islip, →OCLC:

     feeding him with the hope of liberty

7. (transitive) To supply with something.

   Springs feed ponds with water.

   • 1817 (published 11 January 1818), Percy Bysshe Shelley, “Sonnet. Ozymandias.”, in [Mary] Shelley, editor, The Poetical Works of Percy Bysshe Shelley. […], volume III, London: Edward Moxon […], published 1839, →OCLC, page 67:

     The hand that mocked them and the heart that fed

8. (transitive) To graze; to cause to be cropped by feeding, as herbage by cattle.

   If grain is too forward in autumn, feed it with sheep.

   • 1707, J[ohn] Mortimer, The Whole Art of Husbandry; or, The Way of Managing and Improving of Land. […], London: […] J[ohn] H[umphreys] for H[enry] Mortlock […], and J[onathan] Robinson […], →OCLC:

     Once in three years, or every other year, feed your mowing-lands.

9. (transitive, sports) To pass to.
   • 2010 December 28, Kevin Darlin, “West Brom 1-3 Blackburn”, in BBC:

     Morrison then played a pivotal role in West Brom's equaliser, powering through the middle and feeding Tchoyi, whose low, teasing right-wing cross was poked in by Thomas at the far post

10. (transitive, phonology, of a phonological rule) To create the environment where another phonological rule can apply; to be applied before (another rule).

    Nasalization feeds raising.

11. (transitive, syntax, of a syntactic rule) To create the syntactic environment in which another syntactic rule is applied; to be applied before (another syntactic rule).
    • 1983, Arnold M. Zwicky, Geoffrey K. Pullum, “Cliticization vs. Inflection: English N'T”, in Language, volume 59, number 3, →JSTOR, page 506:

      This orthodox analysis […] leads to the conclusion that […] Subject–Auxiliary Inversion (SAI) is fed by the contraction operation.

同意語

• (to give food to eat): nourish

派生語

語源 2

From 中期英語 fede, fed, from the verb (see above). Alternatively, perhaps from Old Norse fœða (“nourishment, food”), from Proto-Germanic *fōdijaną (“to feed”), whence also 古期英語 fēdan (“to feed”).

名詞

feed (countable and uncountable, plural feeds)

1. (uncountable) Food given to (especially herbivorous) non-human animals.

   Hypernym: food (sometimes coordinate when "food for humans" is the referent)

   Coordinate term: fodder

   They sell feed, riding helmets, and everything else for horses.

2. Something supplied continuously.

   a satellite feed

3. The part of a machine that supplies the material to be operated upon.

   Coordinate terms: feeder, feedbin, hopper

   Hyponyms: barfeed, barfeeder

   the paper feed of a printer

4. The forward motion of the material fed into a machine.

   Coordinate terms: speed, speeds and feeds

5. (UK, Australia, New Zealand, colloquial, countable) A meal.
   • 184?, Henry Mayhew, London Labour and the London Poor

     One proposed going to Hungerford-market to do a feed on decayed shrimps or other offal laying about the market; another proposed going to Covent-garden to do a 'tightener' of rotten oranges, to which I was humorously invited; […]

   • 1898, H.G. Wells, The War of the Worlds, London: William Heinemann, page 257:

     "There won't be any more blessed concerts for a million years or so; there won't be any Royal Academy of Arts, and no nice little feeds at restaurants."

   • 1937, Ion L. Idriess, Over the Range, Sydney: Angus and Robertson, published 1947, page 111:

     ‘Still hungry! Well, we’ll see if Larry can find you a feed of beef when the billy’s boiled.’

6. (countable) A gathering to eat, especially in large quantities.

   Synonym: feast

   They held a crab feed on the beach.

7. (Internet) online content presented sequentially:
   1. (syndication or aggregation): antichronological sequence of posts or articles from a single source, especially as consumable on a platform other as originally published.

      I've subscribed to the feeds of my favourite blogs, so I can find out when new posts are added without having to visit those sites.

   2. (social media, often after a possessive determiner) content intended for consumption by scrolling or swiping, especially as a home page and from multiple publishers followed or algorithmically curated
      • 2016 March 15, Mike Isaac, “Instagram May Change Your Feed, Personalizing It With an Algorithm”, in The New York Times‎, →ISSN:

        Refresh the top of your various “feeds” — the running column of content on some versions of Facebook, Twitter and Instagram — and you will see the latest news at the top. The further back you scroll, the older the material gets.

      • 2018, Tommy Orange, “Edwin Black”, in There There, New York, N.Y.: Vintage Books, →ISBN, page 69:

        I use Native, that’s what other Native people on Facebook use. I have 660 friends. Tons of Native friends in my feed. Most of my friends, though, are people I don’t know, who’d happily friended me upon request.

      • 2020 November 24, Charlie Warzel, “What Facebook Fed the Baby Boomers”, in The New York Times‎, →ISSN:

        Despite spending years studying these toxic dynamics and the better part of a month watching them up close in strangers’ feeds, I was still, like so many, surprised to see it all reflected at the ballot box. We shouldn’t have been surprised; our divisions have been in front of our faces and inside our feeds this whole time.

8. A straight man who delivers lines to the comedian during a performance.
   • 2020, Oliver Double, Alternative Comedy: 1979 and the Reinvention of British Stand-Up, page 38:

     Don Ward is often described as a former comic, having some experience in this area as a young man, acting as a feed for the comic actor David Lodge at Parkins Holiday Camp in Jersey […]

派生語

派生語

語源 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

動詞

feed

1. simple past and past participle of fee

アナグラム

• deef, e-fed