英和和英

語源

From Middle French plateforme (“a flat form”), from plate (“flat”) (from Old French plat, from Ancient Greek πλατύς (platús, “flat”)) + forme (“form”) (from Latin fōrma (“shape; figure; form”)); compare flatscape.

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈplætfɔːm/
• (General American) IPA: /ˈplætfɔɹm/
• 韻: -ætfɔː(ɹ)m
• ハイフネーション: plat‧form

名詞

platform (plural platforms)

1. A raised stage from which speeches are made and on which musical and other performances are made.

   Synonyms: dais, (speeches) podium

   • 1915, Russell H. Conwell, Robert Shackleton, chapter IV, in Acres of Diamonds‎, His Life and Achievements:

     Always, whether in the pulpit or on the platform, as in private conversation, there is an absolute simplicity about the man and his words; a simplicity, an earnestness, a complete honesty.

   • 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XIII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:

     “ […]  They talk of you as if you were Croesus—and I expect the beggars sponge on you unconscionably.” And Vickers launched forth into a tirade very different from his platform utterances. He spoke with extreme contempt of the dense stupidity exhibited on all occasions by the working classes.

2. A raised floor for any purpose, e.g. for workmen during construction, or formerly for military cannon.

   Hyponyms: oil platform, work platform

3. (figurative) A place or an opportunity to express one's opinion.

   Synonym: tribune

   This new talk show will give a platform to everyday men and women.

   • 2021 September 28, Scott Cacciola, “LeBron James said he was vaccinated, after previously evading the question.”, in The New York Times‎, →ISSN:

     [LeBron] James did not say which vaccine he had taken or the number of doses he had received. He also said that he would not use his platform to publicly encourage others to be vaccinated.

4. (figurative) Something that allows an enterprise to advance.

   Synonyms: foundation, stage

   • 2012 September 7, Phil McNulty, “Moldova 0-5 England”, in BBC Sport‎:

     Hidgson may actually feel England could have scored even more but this was the perfect first step on the road to Rio in 2014 and the ideal platform for the second qualifier against Ukraine at Wembley on Tuesday.

5. (politics, figurative) A political stance on a broad set of issues, which are called planks.
   • 1652, Gerrard Winstanley, chapter 1, in The Law of Freedom in a Platform:

     Now if the earth could be enjoyed in such a manner as every one might have provision, as it may by this platform I have offered, then will the peace of the commonwealth be preserved, and men need not act so hypocritically as the clergy do, and others likewise, to get a living.

   • 1936, Communist Election Platform 1936, New York City: Workers Library Publishers, page 6:

     The Communist Party and its candidates stand on the following platform, which expresses the immediate interests of the majority of the population of our country.

   • 1972, Mike Gravel, Citizen Power: A People's Platform, New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, →ISBN, page xii:

     Surely there is nothing strange or new or threatening about such a platform. It will distress only those who have the essentially un-American view that change itself is frightening and should be avoided at all costs.

6. (transport) A raised structure or other area alongside rails or a driveway alongside which vehicles stop to take in and discharge passengers.

   Hyponym: island platform

   • 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter V, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:

     We expressed our readiness, and in ten minutes were in the station wagon, rolling rapidly down the long drive, for it was then after nine. […] As we reached the lodge we heard the whistle, and we backed up against one side of the platform as the train pulled up at the other.

   • 1997, Bob Dylan, “Tryin' to Get to Heaven”, in Time Out of Mind:

     People on the platforms / Waiting for the trains / I can hear their hearts a-beatin’ / Like pendulums swinging on chains

   • 1997 June 26, J. K. Rowling [pseudonym; Joanne Rowling], Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone (Harry Potter; 1), London: Bloomsbury Publishing, →ISBN:

     “Well, there you are, boy. Platform nine — platform ten. Your platform should be somewhere in the middle, but they don’t seem to have built it yet, do they?”

   • 2013 June 1, “Ideas coming down the track”, in The Economist‎, volume 407, number 8838, page 13 (Technology Quarterly):

     A “moving platform” scheme […] is more technologically ambitious than maglev trains even though it relies on conventional rails. […] Stopping high-speed trains wastes energy and time, so why not simply slow them down enough for a moving platform to pull alongside?

7. (footwear, in the plural) Ellipsis of platform shoe (“a kind of high shoe with an extra layer between the inner and outer soles”).
   • 1973 August 25, Jim Fournier, “Lo♡in' Mu𝄚ic”, in Gay Community News, volume 1, number 10, page 2:

     Now open the album cover! How fabulous! The four of them [the Pointer Sisters] in platforms of death, tacky gowns, and "reflections of."

   • 2001 [1999], Helen Fielding, Bridget Jones: The Edge of Reason, New York: Penguin, →ISBN, page 167:

     Walk to Shazzer's from polling station was hideous walk of shame. Also cannot wear platforms now as feet too crippled so will look short.

8. (Internet) A software system used to provide online services to clients, such as social media, e-commerce, or cloud computing.

   Hyponyms: container platform, microservices platform

   • 2013 June 1, “End of the peer show”, in The Economist‎, volume 407, number 8838, page 71:

     Finance is seldom romantic. But the idea of peer-to-peer lending comes close. This is an industry that brings together individual savers and lenders on online platforms. Those that want to borrow are matched with those that want to lend.

   • 2014, Astra Taylor, “Preface”, in The People's Platform: Taking Back Power and Culture in the Digital Age, Henry Holt and Company, →ISBN:

     In fact, wealth and power are shifting to those who control the platforms on which all of us create, consume, and connect.

   • 2021 September 15, Reeves Wiedeman, “Why Does Every Company Now Want to Be a Platform?”, in The New York Times‎, →ISSN:

     The promise of the platform business model is its magical self-reinforcement: Once the platform is in place, money is supposed to flow through the system without much extra effort at all.

9. (computing) A particular operating system or environment such as a database or other specific software; a particular type of computer or microprocessor, used for running other software.

   That program runs on the X Window System platform.

   • 1996 September 23, “Intel attacks Mac publishing niche”, in Computerworld, volume 30, number 39, →ISSN, page 56:

     “We used to produce our publication on the Mac, but the Wintel platform is cheaper and there are just as many applications available. So it just seemed to make sense to give up the religious war and get on with the business of doing our job,” said the information systems manager at a New York-based magazine, who asked not to be named.

10. (automotive) Ellipsis of car platform (“a set of components shared by several vehicle models”).
    • 2017, Vinod K. Jain, Global Strategy: Competing in the Connected Economy, Routledge, →ISBN, page 131:

      A car platform consists of the underbody, suspension, and axles, plus components such as the steering mechanism, engine, and powertrain. Using such a platform, a car company can design several distinct car models to suit different customer groups […]

11. (geology) A flat expanse of rock, often the result of wave erosion.
    • 2019, Reed Wicander, James S. Monroe, Geology: Earth in Perspective, Cengage Learning, →ISBN, page 319:

      Wave erosion causes a sea cliff to migrate landward, leaving a gently sloping surface, called a wave-cut platform. A wave-built platform originates by deposition at the seaward margin of the wave-cut platform.

12. (nautical) A light deck, usually placed in a section of the hold or over the floor of the magazine.
13. (obsolete) A plan; a sketch; a model; a pattern.
    • 1577, Raphaell Holinshed, The Firste Volume of the Chronicles of England, Scotlande, and Irelande […], volume I, London: […] [Henry Bynneman] for Iohn Harrison, →OCLC:

      His destruction intended by queene Quendred, hir platforme of the practise to kill him.

14. (Myanmar) A sidewalk.

派生語

動詞

platform (third-person singular simple present platforms, present participle platforming, simple past and past participle platformed)

1. (transitive) To furnish with or shape into a platform
   • 1885, Frances Elliot, The Diary of an Idle Woman in Sicily‎, page 192:

     […] upon a smiling knoll platformed by Nature […]

2. (transitive) To place on, or as if on, a platform.
   • 1844, Elizabeth Barrett Browning, To Flush, My Dog:

     And this dog was satisfied / If a pale thin hand would glide / Down his dewlaps sloping / Which he pushed his nose within, / After—platforming his chin / On the palm left open.

3. (rail transport) To place a train alongside a station platform.
   • 2021 December 1, Paul Stephen, “Network News: Battery and hydrogen trains showcased to PM at COP26”, in RAIL, number 945, page 14:

     There he was welcomed onboard Vivarail's new three-car battery-powered train and Porterbrook's HydroFLEX hydrogen-powered train, which had been platformed side-by-side to showcase the potential of these low-carbon alternative technologies.

4. (politics, transitive) To include in a political platform
   • 1955, Amy Lowell, Complete Poetical Works‎, page 408:

     Among them I scarcely can plot out one truth / Plain enough to be platformed by some voting sleuth / And paraded before the precinct polling-booth.

5. (transitive) To publish or make visible; to provide a platform for (a topic etc.).

   Antonyms: deplatform, no-platform

   • 2020 May 28, Bhumika Popli, “Menstrual Hygiene Day: Changing mindsets with ‘period leave’”, in The New Indian Express:

     We want to platform the larger, unspoken issue of menstrual health and hygiene of women at work, and how we as a society need to start taking cognizance of it and start adopting measures to help our women workforce navigate it with ease.

   • 2020 July 29, Conor Friedersdorf, “Purity Politics Makes Nothing Happen”, in The Atlantic:

     If Buckley were still alive today, could a university get away with platforming him in a debate?

   • 2023 December 17, Andrew Lawrence, “It platformed an alleged fraudster. Can hip-hop’s biggest radio show survive the fallout?”, in The Guardian‎, →ISSN:

     Half of the lawsuits against Pina also named Envy (real name: Raashaun Casey), blaming the DJ for platforming Pina on The Breakfast Club and social media.

   • 2025 March 17, Andrew Marantz, quoting Tommy Vietor, “The Battle for the Bros”, in The New Yorker‎, →ISSN:

     “The ‘how dare you platform someone you disagree with’ era is over. Fuck that.”

6. (film, transitive) To open (a film) in a small number of theaters before a broader release in order to generate enthusiasm.
   • 1981 September 2, Aljean Harmetz, “Comes Fall, a Chance for Serious Movies?”, in The New York Times, page C21:

     But serious movies are not necessarily good movies. A studio that decides to platform a film had better be sure the film will get the necessary good reviews and audience approval. Otherwise, like United Artists' "A Small Circle of Friends," which was platformed around the same time as "The Elephant Man," the film will fail calamitously.

   • 1993 November 25, Bernard Weinraub, “For Movie Industry, Thanksgiving Means A Box-Office Feast”, in The New York Times, page C11:

     Each of these films will be "platformed," the industry term to describe the strategy of opening a movie first in a limited number of theaters to give it an aura of exclusivity, then having its appeal build through word of mouth.

7. (obsolete, transitive) To form a plan of; to model; to lay out.
   • 1642, John Milton, The Reason of Church-Government Urg’d against Prelaty; republished in A Complete Collection of the Historical, Political, and Miscellaneous Works of John Milton, […], volume I, Amsterdam [actually London: s.n.], 1698, →OCLC, page 202:

     I have ſaid what is meet to ſome who do not think it for the eaſe of their inconſequent Opinions, to grant that Church-Diſcipline is platform'd in the Bible, but that it is left to the diſcretion of Men.

Further reading

• platform on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• digital platform (infrastructure) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• computing platform on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• car platform on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• platform (geology) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Platform in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)