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語源

From 中期英語 roten, from Old Norse rotinn (“decayed, rotten”), past participle of an unrecorded verb related to Old Norse rotna (“to rot”) and 古期英語 rotian (“to rot”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *rutāną (“to rot”). See rot. By surface analysis, rot +‎ -en (past participle).

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈɹɒtn̩/
• (General American) IPA: /ˈɹɑtn̩/, [ˈɹɑʔn̩]
• ハイフネーション: rot‧ten
• 韻: -ɒtən

形容詞

rotten (comparative rottener or more rotten, superlative rottenest or most rotten)

1. Of perishable items, overridden with bacteria and other infectious agents.

   Synonyms: gone bad, maggoted, spoiled; see also Thesaurus:rotten

   If you leave a bin unattended for a few weeks, the rubbish inside will turn rotten.

   • c. 1596–1598 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merchant of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iii]:

     Antonio: Mark you this, Bassanio, / The devil can cite Scripture for his purpose. / An evil soul producing holy witness / Is like a villain with a smiling cheek, / A goodly apple rotten at the heart. / O, what a goodly outside falsehood hath!

2. In a state of decay.

   Synonyms: blighted, forworn, putrid; see also Thesaurus:decayed

   The floors were damaged and the walls were rotten.

   His mouth stank and his teeth were rotten.

   • c. 1598–1600 (date written), William Shakespeare, “As You Like It”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene iii], page 191:

     But poore old man, thou prun'ſt a rotten tree, / That cannot ſo much as a bloſſome yeelde

3. Cruel, mean or immoral.

   Synonyms: fell, malicious, ruthless; see also Thesaurus:cruel

   That man is a rotten father.

   This rotten policy will create more injustice in this country.

   • c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iv], page 257, column 2:

     Something is rotten in the State of Denmarke.

4. Bad or terrible.

   Synonyms: awful, foul, horrible; see also Thesaurus:bad

   Why is the weather always rotten in this city?

   It was a rotten idea to take the boat out today.

   She has the flu and feels rotten.

5. Of stone or rock, crumbling or friable; in a loose or disintegrated state.

   Synonyms: crumbly, crumblesome, frickle

   • 1887, Harriet W. Daly, Digging, Squatting, and Pioneering Life in the Northern Territory of South Australia, page 215:

     The quartz specimens were sometimes blue, hard-looking stone, or rotten quartz largely impregnated with iron, in both cases carrying bright glittering nodules of gold.

6. (UK, Ireland, Australia, slang) Very drunk, intoxicated.

   Synonyms: munted, para, peloothered; see also Thesaurus:drunk

派生語

Collocations

副詞

rotten (comparative more rotten, superlative most rotten)

1. To an extreme degree.

   That kid is spoilt rotten.

   The girls fancy him something rotten.

   • 1912, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Lost World […], London; New York, N.Y.: Hodder and Stoughton, →OCLC:

     "It's old man Challenger's show and we are here by his good will, so it would be rotten bad form if we didn't follow his instructions to the letter."

   • 1958 May, Avram Davidson, “Or All The Seas With Oysters”, in Galaxy Science Fiction‎, page 53:

     "You're not only crazy," Oscar said bitterly, "you're rotten jealous. You can go to hell." He stomped away.

アナグラム

• torent, Trento, torten, Notter