Wiktionary英語版
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proprius
語源
Most likely from Proto-Italic *pro- + *prijos (“own, dear”), from Proto-Indo-European *priHós (“dear”). Since pro- can hardly be explained as a nominal prefix, Forssman (2004) explains it as having been extended to the adjective from the verb propriāre, once-attested as propriāssit. Cognate to Sanskrit प्रिय (priyá, “dear”), Russian прия́тель (prijátelʹ, “buddy, mate”) and Russian прия́тный (prijátnyj, “pleasant”), Welsh rhydd (“free”), English free.
Other suggestions include:
- for *proprīvus, from the root of prīvus (“individual”), from Proto-Indo-European *prey-wo-s (“being in front”).
- for *propatrius, from pro- + pater, meaning “from one's forefathers”, taking Ancient Greek προπάτωρ (propátōr, “forefather”) as comparison.
発音
形容詞
proprius (feminine propria, neuter proprium); first/second-declension adjective
- appropriate to oneself: (one's) proper, (one's) own (inalienably)
- belonging to oneself as property, or goods: (one's) own (alienably)
- particular to one individual, group, or case: characteristic, distinctive, eccentric, idiosyncratic, individual, specialized
- not shared with others: personal, private, exclusive
- (of activities) proper to, characteristic of a given set of persons or things
- (of words) proper, literal, strict
- concrete, specific
- used of proper nouns
語形変化
First/second-declension adjective.
| Number | Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case / Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
| Nominative | proprius | propria | proprium | propriī | propriae | propria | |
| Genitive | propriī | propriae | propriī | propriōrum | propriārum | propriōrum | |
| Dative | propriō | propriō | propriīs | ||||
| Accusative | proprium | propriam | proprium | propriōs | propriās | propria | |
| Ablative | propriō | propriā | propriō | propriīs | |||
| Vocative | proprie | propria | proprium | propriī | propriae | propria | |
派生語
- proprietās
- propriē
- propriō
派生した語
参考
- pecūliāris
- prīvātus
- suus
参照
- “proprius” on page 1646 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (2nd ed., 2012)
- De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “proprius”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 493
- Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 829
Further reading
- “proprius”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “proprius”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- proprius in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius かつ others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- proprius in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
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