英和和英

発音

• (米国発音) IPA: /ˌskɪtsəˈfɹiniə/, /ˌskɪtsəˈfɹɛniə/
• (英国発音) IPA: /skɪtsə(ʊ)ˈfɹiːniə/

名詞

schizophrenia (countable and uncountable, plural schizophrenias)

1. (pathology) A psychiatric diagnosis denoting a persistent, often chronic, mental illness characterised by abnormal perception, thinking, behavior and emotion, often marked by delusions. [from 20th c.]
   • 2014 January 24, Dr. Charles Raison, “Here’s what to do about your anxiety”, in CNN‎:

     Increasing data suggests that regular marijuana use in adolescence may also be a risk factor for developing very serious psychotic disorders, especially schizophrenia.

   • 2021 July 22, Katie Hunt, “Schizophrenia linked to marijuana use disorder is on the rise, study finds”, in CNN‎:

     In 1995, 2% of schizophrenia diagnoses in the country were associated with cannabis use disorder. In 2000, it increased to around 4%. Since 2010, that figure increased to 8%, the study found.

2. (now deprecated) A condition in which a person is supposed to have several distinct personalities; dissociative identity disorder. [from 20th c.]
   • 1946, George O. Smith, “Trouble”, in Astounding Science-Fiction‎:

     You have enough money to afford schizophrenia for a while. Especially if the personality B dreams up things that personality A makes practical, financially advantageous use of.

3. (informal, figurative) Any condition in which disparate or mutually exclusive activities coexist; a lack of decision between options. [from 20th c.]
   • 2006, Bertus Praeg, Ethiopia and Political Renaissance in Africa, page 213:

     [O]ne can understand how the cultural disorientation which beset the African Continent has confused Africa's political behaviour, creating a political schizophrenia that made nation-building impossible.

   • 2012, James Lambert, “Beyond Hobson-Jobson: A new lexicography for Indian English”, in World Englishes‎, page 305:

     Nevertheless, a certain amount of schizophrenia pertains to the study of World Englishes as New Englishes, for while new Englishes are regarded as valid varieties in their own right, the description and delineation of them in linguistic terms is conducted through the gaze of native-speaker norms.

使用する際の注意点

• In popular usage, the term is often confused with dissociative identity disorder (also known as multiple personality disorder), a usage considered incorrect in medical contexts and becoming less common as general understanding of mental illnesses develops.

同意語

• dementia praecox
• schizophrenic disorder
• schizophrenic psychosis

下位語

派生語

関連する語

参考

• schizothymia
• schizoid personality disorder
• paranoid personality disorder
• schizotypal personality disorder
• autism

参照

• schizophrenia on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Douglas Harper (2001–2026), “schizophrenia”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
• “schizophrenia”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.