貢賦の英語

平安時代後期に成立した年貢・公事・夫役を徴収するために、名田単位でそれらの賦課が行われていた。例文帳に追加

In the later Heian period, the system of "nengu" (land tax), "kuji" (public duties/temporary taxes), and "bueki" (compulsory service) was established, and their imposition was done per "myoden" (the farming land that served as the unit of taxation and labor-enforcement in those days).発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

封建領主側は検地帳に記された村の石高の集計（村高）を元にして年貢・諸役を賦課した（村請）。例文帳に追加

Based on "muradaka" (the total yield of a village) written on kenchi-cho, the feudal lord imposed "nengu" (land tax) and "shoyaku" (miscellaneous taxes other than nengu) on villagers as a whole, which was called "murauke" (the village-wide, collective responsibility for tax payment).発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

相次いだ出兵にかかった費用を穴埋めすべく、尋常ならざる割合の年貢や賦役を課していた。例文帳に追加

In order to cover expenses required for the frequent dispatch of troops, Katsuyori imposed extremely high taxes and used a large amount of forced labor.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

こうした公事を名目として本来の賦課である年貢・所当・官物とは別個に賦課される租税のことを「公事」（「公用」とも）と称するようになった。例文帳に追加

The land tax separately imposed from the original imposition such as nengu, shoto and kanmotsu in name of kuji began to be called 'kuji' (also referred to as 'kuyo').発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

12世紀に入ると既存の官物率法に代わって、国衙領の公田のみならず、荘園の年貢に対しても一国平均役・御家人役などの形で公租が賦課されるようになり、これらの賦課による貢納物に対しても官物という言葉が用いられるようになり、南北朝時代(日本)の頃までこの呼称が用いられた。例文帳に追加

In the twelfth century, in place of the previous Kanmotsu rippo, public taxes called Ikkoku heikinyaku (taxes and labor uniformly imposed on shoen manors and provincial lands) and Gokeninnyaku (odd-jobs for vassals) were collected from not only Kokuga owned public fields but also Shoen, and the tithes from these taxes were also called Kanmotsu and this term was used until the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan).発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

しかし名田が確立できなかった地域や、供御人・神人など名田体系では把握できなかった人々が存在したので、これらに対しても年貢などを賦課するために、在家を単位として収取したのである。例文帳に追加

However, the myoden system could not catch hold of some areas, nor could it catch hold of some people, such as "kugonin" (privileged people who contributed provisions to the emperor) and "jinin" (associates of Shinto shrines), so instead, zaike was newly introduced as the unit of taxation and labor enforcement in order to seize those areas and people.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

更に鎌倉時代には田畠にかけられた正規の賦課に限定されるようになり、本来そうした意味を有していた言葉であった「年貢」と混用されるようになった。例文帳に追加

In the Kamakura period, the word meant a regular levy on paddy fields and dry fields, and began to be interchanged with 'nengu' which originally had a similar meaning.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

定田（じょうでん）とは、荘園・公領に対する検注によって官物・所当・年貢・公事の賦課対象と認定された田。例文帳に追加

Joden (定田) refers to rice fields which were designated, as a result of a kenchu (land survey) on territories belonging to shoen (manors) and koryo (public lands), as taxable lands in regard to the payment of kanmotsu (tribute goods paid as taxes or tithes), shoto (tax on rice fields), nengu (annual tribute, land tax), and kuji (public duties).発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス