isernとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Proto-West Germanic *īsarn, from Proto-Germanic *īsarną.

発音

• IPA: /ˈiː.sern/, [ˈiː.zerˠn]

名詞

īsern n

1. the metal iron
   • Homilies of the Anglo-Saxon Church

     Sē wōda ðā āwende āweġ his ċeaflas fram ðǣre hālgan handa, swilċe fram hātum īsene, and sē āwyrġeda gāst ġewāt of ðām men ūt ðurh his ġesċēapu, mid sċēandlīcum flēame.

     The madman then turned his cheeks away from the holy man's hands as if from hot iron, and the accursed spirit departed the man through his genitals with shameful flight.

2. an instrument or tool made from iron, especially an iron sword
   • 10th century, Exeter Book Riddle 5‎:

     Iċ eom ānhaga īserne wund, bille ġebennod, beadoweorca sæd, eċġum wēriġ.

     I am a lone one wounded with iron, wounded by sword, sated of battle-works, weary by edges.

3. an iron shackle or fetter

語形変化

Strong a-stem:

形容詞

īsern

1. consisting or made of iron
   • late 9th century, translation of Orosius’ History Against the Pagans

     ⁊ hæfdon ġeleornad mā cræfta hū hīe þā elpendas beswīcan mehton, mid þǣm þæt hīe nāmon trēowu, ⁊ slōgon on oþerne ende moniġe sċearpe īsene næġlas, ⁊ hīe mid flexe bewundon, ⁊ onbǣrndon hit, ⁊ beþyddan hit þonne on þone elpend hindan...

     And they had learned more tricks through which they could ensnare the elephants; they took stakes and drove into the other end many sharp iron nails, and wrapped them in flax, and set them on fire, and then thrust them into the elephant from behind...

語形変化

派生語

派生した語

• Middle English: iren, irin, iron, irn, irne, yren, yrn, yrne, eren, heren, heyron, hyrone, ieren, yeren, yrin (Late Middle English), iryn, iryne (Northern), yirn, yrun, yryn (especially East Anglia), hire, ire, yre (Southern, South Midland), yse, ysen (Middlesex), yzen (Kent)
  • English: iron

    Ottawa Valley: iern, eirn

    • → Marshallese: aen
  • Middle Scots: irne, yrne
    • Scots: airn, ern, irne
  • Yola: eeren

参照

• Joseph Bosworth; T. Northcote Toller (1898), “ĪSERN”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, second edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
• Joseph Bosworth; T. Northcote Toller (1898), “ĪSERN”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, second edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.