iugerumとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Proto-Italic *jougos (“yoked team of animals”), from Proto-Indo-European *yéwgos. The plural preserves the original consonant-stem forms (from an unattested 単数形 *iūgus), while the singular was back-formed from the nominative-accusative plural as a 2nd declension noun.

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈi̯uː.ɡe.rum/, [ˈi̯uːɡɛrʊ̃ˑ]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈju.d͡ʒe.rum/, [ˈjuːd͡ʒerum]

名詞

iūgerum n (irregular, variously declined, genitive iūgerī); second declension, third declension

1. (historical units of measure) A juger, a Roman unit of area, equivalent to 2 acti or 28,800 square feet (approximately ⅔ acre または ¼ hectare).
   • 1st century BCE, Marcus Terentius Varro, Rerum rusticarum libri III (Agricultural Topics in Three Books). Liber I, X:

     Ille, Modos, quibus metirentur rura, alius alios constituit. Nam in Hispania ulteriore metiuntur iugis, in Campania versibus, apud nos in agro Romano ac Latino iugeris. Iugum vocant, quod iuncti boves uno die exarare possint.

     Each country has its own method of measuring land. Thus in farther Spain the unit of measure is the iugum, in Campania the versus, with us here in the district of Rome and in Latium the iugerum. The iugum is the amount of land which a yoke of oxen can plough in a day; the versus is an area 100 feet square; the iugerum an area containing two square actus.

語形変化

Second–third-declension hybrid noun (neuter).

¹Once only, in:
M. Terentius Varro, Res Rusticae, bk I, ch. x

Meronyms

• decempeda (¹⁄₂₈₈ iugerum); clima (¹⁄₈ iugerum); actus (¹⁄₂ iugerum); heredium (2 iugera); centuria (200 iugera); saltus (800 iugera)

派生した語

• English: jugerum
• French: jugère
• Italian: iugero
• Romanian: iugăr

参照

• “iugerum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “iugerum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• jugerum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
• “iugerum”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers