versusとは

意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (英国発音) IPA^(key): /ˈvɜːsəs/, /ˈvɜːsɪz/
• (米国発音) IPA^(key): /ˈvɝsəs/, /ˈvɝsəz/, /ˈvɝs/
• 韻: -ɜː(r)səs
• Homophone: verses

前置詞

versus

1. Against; in opposition to.

   Synonyms: vs, vs., (abbreviations) v

   It is the Packers versus the Steelers in the Super Bowl.

2. Compared with, as opposed to.
   • 2012 November 7, Matt Bai, “Winning a Second Term, Obama Will Confront Familiar Headwinds”, in New York Times‎^[1]:

     In polling by the Pew Research Center in November 2008, fully half the respondents thought the two parties would cooperate more in the coming year, versus only 36 percent who thought the climate would grow more adversarial.

   • 2005, Robert E. Weiss, Modeling Longitudinal Data, Springer, →ISBN, page 104:

     If, for example, we select random people entering a workout gym, versus if we pick random people entering a hospital, we will get very different samples.

3. (law) Bringing a legal action against, as used in the title of a court case in which the first party indicates the plaintiff (または appellant または the like), and the second indicates the defendant (または respondent または the like).

   Synonyms: v, (abbreviation) v.

   Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kans.

関連する語

Further reading

• versus on Wikipedia.

Latin

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈu̯er.sus/, [ˈu̯ɛɾs̠ʊs̠]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈver.sus/, [ˈvɛrsus]

語源 1

From earlier vorsus, from Proto-Italic *worssos, perfect passive participle of vertō (“to turn”).

別の表記

• vorsus

Participle

versus (feminine versa, neuter versum); first/second-declension participle

1. turned, changed, having been turned

語形変化

First/second-declension adjective.

派生語

• anniversārius
• contrōversus
• prōrsus/ prōsus
• ūniversus

語源 2

Adverbial use of versus (“turned”).

別の表記

• versum
• vorsum
• vorsus

副詞

versus (not comparable)

1. towards, turned to or in the direction of, facing

派生語

派生した語

語源 3

Action noun from vertō + -tus.

別の表記

• vorsus

名詞

versus m (genitive versūs); fourth declension

1. a furrow (turned earth)
2. (transf.) a line, row
   2. (partic.) a line of writing, a verse
      • c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 6.14:

        Magnum ibi numerum versuum ediscere dicuntur.

        They are said to learn by heart a great number of verses there.

      Si versus horum duorum poetarum neglegetis, magna parte litterarum carebitis.

      If you neglect the verses of these two poets, you will miss a great part of literature.

3. a land measure (= πλέθρον (pléthron))
   • 1st century BCE, Marcus Terentius Varro, Rerum rusticarum libri III (Agricultural Topics in Three Books). Liber I, X:

     Ille, Modos, quibus metirentur rura, alius alios constituit. Nam in Hispania ulteriore metiuntur iugis, in Campania versibus, apud nos in agro Romano ac Latino iugeris. Iugum vocant, quod iuncti boves uno die exarare possint.

     Each country has its own method of measuring land. Thus in farther Spain the unit of measure is the iugum, in Campania the versus, with us here in the district of Rome and in Latium the iugerum. The iugum is the amount of land which a yoke of oxen can plough in a day; the versus is an area 100 feet square; 2 the iugerum an area containing two square actus.

4. (dance) a turn, step

語形変化

Fourth-declension noun.

派生語

• versiculus
• versificō

派生した語

語源 4

Perfect passive participle of verrō (“to sweep”).

Participle

versus (feminine versa, neuter versum); first/second-declension participle

1. swept

語形変化

First/second-declension adjective.

参照

• versus in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• versus in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• versus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• versus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to sing the praises of some one (not canere aliquem: alicuius laudes versibus persequi
    
  • to celebrate some one's exploits in song: alicuius res gestas versibus ornare, celebrare
    
  • (ambiguous) in all directions: quoquo versus; in omnes partes
    
  • (ambiguous) to advance in the direction of Rome: Romam versus proficisci
    
  • (ambiguous) to write poetry: versus facere, scribere
    
  • (ambiguous) to write poetry with facility: carmina , versus fundere (De Or. 3. 50)
    
  • (ambiguous) to recite a poem, line with appropriate action: carmen, versum agere
    
• Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1911), “vĕrsus”, in Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), page 705

アナグラム

• servus