paradigm aとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /paɹ.əˈdɪɡ.ma/
• (General American) IPA: /ˌpɛr.əˈdɪɡ.mə/
• ハイフネーション: pa‧ra‧dig‧ma

名詞

paradigma (plural paradigmata) (rare)

1. A written pattern of inflection for parts of speech, especially organized into a tabular form.
   • 1844, John Holmes Agnew, Walter Hilliard Bidwell, The Eclectic Magazine, page 569:

     The volume before us presents, first of all, a paradigma, or specimen sheet, on which each letter of the English alphabet, small and capital, written and printed, is accompanied by its pronunciation in Chinese phonetic signs, as well as in Mandchou letters.

2. (rhetoric, by extension) A mode or exemplar.
   • 1985, Krijnie Ciggaar, Jos. M.M. Hermans, Byzantium and the Low Countries in the Tenth Century: Aspects of Art and History in the Ottonian Era, →ISBN, page 92:

     […] and it precedes, moreover, together with VII and VIII ὸ ἱερεύς και ἡ ἱέρεια the paradigma τό σκαμνίον. / Further there is nothing to be wondered at, neither as to the paradigma of το σκαμνισν nor as to the priestess: these examples are taken from the famous Ars Grammatica of Donatus, and in particular the Ars minor.

   • 2004, Analecta Romana Instituti Danici, page 247:

     No paradigma prescribed a recto tono recitative.

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [pa.raˈdiːɡ.ma]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [pa.raˈdiɡ.ma]

名詞

paradīgma n (genitive paradīgmatis); third declension

1. pattern, example, paradigm

語形変化

Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).

派生した語

(via Late Latin)

• → Catalan: paradigma
• → English: paradigm
• → French: paradigme m
• → Italian: paradigma
• → Old Ruthenian: пара́дигма n inan (parádihma), пара́диґма (parádigma)
  • Belarusian: парады́гма (paradýhma)
  • Ukrainian: паради́гма (paradýhma)
• → Portuguese: paradigma
• → Romanian: paradigmă
• → Russian: паради́гма f inan (paradígma)
  • → Kazakh:

    Cyrillic script: парадигма (paradigma)

    Latin script: paradigma

    Arabic script: پاراديگما

• → Spanish: paradigma

参照

• “paradigma”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “paradigma”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “paradigm”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 4th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin, 2000, →ISBN.