英和和英

読み方 そむく

他動詞

1

（＝背反する）to be contrary to （reason） ; to be against （rule） ; to go against （one's principles） ; to act against （one's wishes） ; to sin against （morality） ; to fly in the face of （experience） ; to belie （one's character） ; to betray （one's confidence） ; to disobey （orders）

用例

• それは道理に背く
  It is against reason―contrary to reason.

• 法律に背いている
  It is against law―contrary to the laws.
• 法律に背く行動だ
  It is an unlawful action.
• 規則に背いている
  It is against rule―against all rule.
• そんなことをしては校則に背く
  That would be against the school regulations.
• 先例に背く
  It is contrary to precedent―against all precedent.
• それは道徳に背く
  It is contrary to the laws of morality
  You sin against morality.
• それは道徳に背く行動だ
  It is an immoral action.
• 人道に背く
  It is against the laws of humanity.
• 人道に背く行動だ
  It is an inhuman action.
• おまえは命令に背いた
  You have acted against my orders―acted contrary to orders―disobeyed orders.
• 人の意に背く
  to act against one's wishes
• 彼は親の意に背いて船乗りになった
  He went to sea against his father's wishes.
• この金を取っては主義に背きます
  It would go against my principles to take this money.
• そんなことをしては良心に背く
  It would go against my conscience to do such a thing.
• さすがの暴利屋もそう貪っては良心に背くだろう
  He can not charge so much with a good conscience
  He can not, in conscience, charge so much.
• 人情には背かれぬ
  You can not go against human nature
  You can not outrage nature.
• 自然の法則には背かれぬ
  Nature will be obeyed.
• そんなことをしては世の習慣に背く
  That would be against custom
  You would sin against custom.
• 礼儀に背く
  to sin against propriety
• 美術の法に背く
  to sin against the canon of taste
• 名に背く
  to belie one's name
• 東洋の英国はその名に背かず
  The England of the East is true to her name
  The England of the East justifies her name.
• 彼の容貌は人格に背かぬ（看板に偽り無し）
  His looks do not belie his character.
• 結果は期待に背く
  The result is contrary to expectation
  The result belies my expectations
  The result is disappointing.
• （殴られるつもりで来たのか）それでは期待に背くまい（殴ってやろう）
  Then I will not disappoint you.
• 僕の信任に背くな
  You must not betray my confidence
  You must justify my confidence （in you）.
• 誓ってご信任に背きません
  I will not betray your confidence―betray your trust.
• そんなことを期待しては経験に背く
  Your expectations fly in the face of experience.

2

（＝犯す、破る）to break, violate, infringe, transgress, contravene, offend against, trespass against （the law） ; to break, commit a breach of （promise）

用例

• 僕は知らずして法律に背いたのであった
  I had broken the law―violated the law―offended against the law―without knowing it.

• 憲法に背いたことをする
  to infringe the constitution―contravene the constitution
• 文法の規則に背く
  to violate the rules of grammar―break Priscian's head
• 規則に背いたことをする
  to break a rule―violate a rule
• この規則に背くと十円の罰金だ
  The violation of this rule is punishable with a fine of 10 yen.
• 彼は約に背いた
  He has broken his promise―committed a breach of promise.
• 言に背く
  to break one's word―go back on one's word
• 彼はその言に背かず
  He kept his word
  He was true to his word
  He was as good as his word.

3

（＝謀叛する）to rebel against, revolt against, rise against, rise in arms against （the government） ; to betray, turn traitor to, be false to （one's cause） ; to fall away from allegiance ; to fall off

用例

• 政府に背く
  to rebel against the government―revolt against the government―rise （in arms） against the government

• 君に背く
  to rebel against one's lord―fall from allegiance
• 属国の中にはこの混雑に乗じて背いたものがある
  Some of the subject states benefited by the confusion and fell from allegiance―fell off.
• 党員の中に背いた者は無いか
  Have any of the members betrayed the cause?―turned traitor to their cause?
• 一人も背いた者は無い
  Not one of them was false to his party
  They were all true to their party.