英和和英

語源

Borrowed from German Autismus, coined by Swiss psychiatrist Eugen Bleuler, first usage dated to 1907 attributed by Carl Jung as an alternative of his for "auto-erotism", although Bleuler himself differentiates the terms in his book Dementia Praecox, first published 1911. From Ancient Greek αὐτός (autós, “self”) + -ισμός (-ismós, “-ism”).

発音

• (Received Pronunciation, General American) enPR: ôʹtĭzəm, IPA: /ˈɔːtɪzəm/
• (cot–caught merger) IPA: /ˈɑtɪzəm/ (note that the /t/ is never flapped)
• ハイフネーション: aut‧ism

名詞

autism (usually uncountable, plural autisms)

1. (clinical psychology) A pervasive neurological condition that is observable in early childhood and persists throughout the lifespan, characterised by atypical communication patterns (e.g., differences in body language or eye contact), delayed language development, and sensory processing sensitivities.
   • 2013 June 29, “A punch in the gut”, in The Economist‎, volume 407, number 8842, London: The Economist Group, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 27 July 2023, pages 72–3:

     Mostly, the microbiome is beneficial. It helps with digestion and enables people to extract a lot more calories from their food than would otherwise be possible. Research over the past few years, however, has implicated it in diseases from atherosclerosis to asthma to autism.

   1. (loosely) Synonym of autism spectrum; a range of disorders.
2. (clinical psychology, obsolete) A diagnosis involving a pathological tendency to engage in self-centered fantasy thinking, historically considered a symptom of insanity or schizophrenia.
3. (Internet slang, offensive, derogatory or self-deprecatory) Abnormal and unhealthy focus or persistence, stereotypically coupled with low self-awareness and unhealthy hatred of opposition or criticism.

   weaponized autism

4. (Internet slang, humorous) Deliberate misspelling of autumn. [from 2024]

   it's finally autism

同意語

• (autism spectrum): autistic spectrum

上位語

(the specific, instead of the generalized range):

• autism (the generalized range, instead of the specific)
• autism spectrum
• autistic spectrum
• autism spectrum disorder
• autistic spectrum disorder
• neurodivergence
• neurodiversity

下位語

(autism spectrum):

• Asperger syndrome / Asperger's syndrome / Asperger's / Asperger
• autism (the specific, instead of the generalized form)

等位語

• on the spectrum

派生語

参考

• pervasive developmental disorder (PDD), PDD-NOS
• disability, handicap
• mutism, selective mutism
• special education
• schizothymia
• schizoid personality disorder
• schizotypal personality disorder
• (fourth sense) homophobia

参照

アナグラム

• Matsui, Tamsui, Tauism