英和和英

発音

• enPR: blēch, IPA: /bliːt͡ʃ/
  • (米国発音) IPA: [blit͡ʃ]
  • (英国発音) IPA: [bliːt͡ʃ]
• 韻: -iːtʃ

語源 1

From 中期英語 blechen, from 古期英語 blǣċan (“to bleach, whiten”), from Proto-West Germanic *blaikijan, from Proto-Germanic *blaikijaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰel- (“to shine”).

Cognate with Dutch bleken (“to bleach”), German bleichen (“to bleach”), Danish blege, Swedish bleka (“to bleach”). Related to 古期英語 blāc (“pale”) (English blake; compare also bleak).

名詞

bleach (countable and uncountable, plural bleaches)

1. (uncountable) A chemical, such as sodium hypochlorite or hydrogen peroxide, or a preparation of such a chemical, used for disinfecting or whitening.
2. (countable) A variety of bleach.

派生語

動詞

bleach (third-person singular simple present bleaches, present participle bleaching, simple past and past participle bleached)

1. (transitive) To treat with bleach, especially so as to whiten (fabric, paper, etc.) or lighten (hair).

   Synonym: (obsolete) whitewash

   • 1538, Thomas Elyot, The Dictionary of Syr Thomas Eliot Knyght‎, London: Thomas Berthelet:

     Candifacio, to make whyte, to bleache, to make to glowe lyke a burnyng cole.

   • 1830, Andrew Ure, “BLEACHING”, in A Dictionary of Arts, Manufactures, and Mines‎, London: Longman, Orme, Brown, Green, & Longmans, page 128:

     The destruction of the colouring matters attached to the bodies to be bleached is effected either by the action of the air and light, of chlorine, or of sulphurous acid.

2. (intransitive) To be whitened or lightened (by the sun, for example).
   • c. 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Winters Tale”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii]:

     The white sheet bleaching on the hedge,
     With heigh! the sweet birds, O, how they sing!

   • 1871, Louisa M[ay] Alcott, chapter 15, in Little Men: […], Boston, Mass.: Roberts Brothers, →OCLC:

     […] when Mrs. Giddy-gaddy came to take out her clothes, deep green stains appeared on every thing, for she had forgotten the green silk lining of a certain cape, and its color had soaked nicely into the pink and blue gowns, the little chemises, and even the best ruffled petticoat. […] “Lay them on the grass to bleach,” said Daisy, with an air of experience.

   • 1927, Virginia Woolf, To the Lighthouse‎, London: The Hogarth Press, published 1920, Part 2, p. 198:

     The autumn trees, ravaged as they are, take on the flash of tattered flags kindling in the gloom of cool cathedral caves where gold letters on marble pages describe death in battle and how bones bleach and burn far away in Indian sands.

3. (intransitive, biology, of corals) To lose color due to stress-induced expulsion of symbiotic unicellular algae.

   Once coral bleaching begins, corals tend to continue to bleach even if the stressor is removed.

4. (transitive, figurative) To make meaningless; to divest of meaning; to make empty.

   semantically bleached words that have become illocutionary particles

同意語

• blanch

派生語

語源 2

From 中期英語 bleche, from 古期英語 blǣċu, blǣċo (“paleness, pallor”), from Proto-Germanic *blaikį̄ (“paleness”). See Etymology 1 above.

名詞

bleach (plural bleaches)

1. An act of bleaching; exposure to the sun.

語源 3

From 中期英語 bleche (also bleke), from 古期英語 blǣċ, blǣc, variants of blāc (“bright, shining, glittering”), from Proto-West Germanic *blaik, from Proto-Germanic *blaikaz (“pale, shining”). More at bleak.

形容詞

bleach (comparative bleacher or more bleach, superlative bleachest or most bleach)

1. (archaic) Pale; bleak.

語源 4

From 中期英語 bleche, from 古期英語 blǣċe (“irritation of the skin, leprosy; psoriasis”).

名詞

bleach (plural bleaches)

1. (obsolete) A disease of the skin characterized by hypopigmentation and itching, believed in the 17th century to be a form of leprosy.

アナグラム

• Blecha, balche, balché