英和和英

語源

From 中期英語 inequalite, from Old French inequalité, from Medieval Latin inaequālitās, from Latin inaequālis (“unequal”), from in- (“not”) + aequālis (“equal”).

Morphologically inequal +‎ -ity and in- +‎ equality.

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) enPR: ĭnĭkwŏl'ĭtē, IPA: /ˌɪn.ɪˈkwɒl.ɪ.ti/
• (米国発音) enPR: ĭn-ĭʹkwŏ-lĭ-tē IPA: /ˌɪn.ɪˈkwɑ.lɪ.ti/, [ˌɪn.ɪˈkwɑ.lɪ.ɾi]

名詞

inequality (countable and uncountable, plural inequalities)

1. Absence of equality.

   Alternative form: inæquality (archaic, rare)

   Synonyms: unequality, unequalness, inequalness

   Antonyms: equality, equalness

   1. A condition or state (of social, cultural, or legal matters) that is not equal; especially, such a condition that is thereby also unfair.

      Hyponyms: iniquity (high degree); marriage inequality

      Coordinate terms: inequity, unfairness (equity and fairness are not always equality, but some inequality is inequitable and unfair)

      The inequality in living standards led to a civil war as the have-nots rebelled.

      • 1976 February 14, A. Nolder Gay, “The View from the Closet”, in Gay Community News, volume 3, number 33, page 17:

        The traditional inequalities of marriage, such as changing her surname to his.

      • 2013 May 17, George Monbiot, “Money just makes the rich suffer”, in The Guardian Weekly‎, volume 188, number 23, page 19:

        In order to grant the rich these pleasures, the social contract is reconfigured. […]   The public realm is privatised, the regulations restraining the ultra–wealthy and the companies they control are abandoned, and Edwardian levels of inequality are almost fetishised.

      • 2025 July 9, Oliver Wheeler, “Action stations...”, in RAIL, number 1039, page 68:

        With the growing awareness of climate change, congestion, and regional inequality, rail transport has re-emerged as a solution.

   2. (mathematics) A statement that of two quantities one is specifically less than (or greater than) another. Symbol: <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle <}"> < {\displaystyle <} <img loading="lazy" src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/33737c89a17785dacc8638b4d66db3d5c8670de1" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.808ex; height:1.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle <}"> or ${\displaystyle \leq }$ or ${\displaystyle >}$or ${\displaystyle \geq }$ or ${\displaystyle \neq }$, as appropriate.

      Synonym: inequation

      Hyponyms: Bhatia-Davis inequality, Bonferroni inequality, Boole's inequality, Cauchy-Schwarz inequality, Chebyshev's inequality, CHSH inequality, Jensen's inequality, Minkowski inequality, periodic inequality, Popoviciu's inequality, Schwarz inequality, triangle inequality, von Neumann's inequality

      The inequality ${\displaystyle x}$ is less than ${\displaystyle y}$, together with that <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle y y < z {\displaystyle y <img loading="lazy" src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/29fe72701bcf411046e7d2431f0cb5850ec523de" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:5.342ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle y, allows us to deduce the inequality <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x x < z {\displaystyle x <img loading="lazy" src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/fef9d28e745a05b0f1d25ac92860e9185d8d8514" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:5.516ex; height:1.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x.

      • 2015, Brandon Fogel, “Multideviations: The hidden structure of Bell's theorems”, in arXiv‎:

        I then specify a set of new tight Bell inequalities for arbitrary event spaces -- the "even/odd" inequalities -- which have a straightforward interpretation when expressed in terms of multideviations.

   3. (of surfaces or objects) Unevenness, irregularity.

      Antonyms: evenness, regularity, smoothness

      • 1881, Charles Darwin, The Formation of Vegetable Mould Through the Action of Worms, page 313:

        When we behold a wide, turf-covered expanse, we should remember that its smoothness, upon which so much of its beauty depends, is mainly due to all the inequalities having been levelled by worms.

参考