英和和英

形容詞

low-grade (comparative lower-grade, superlative lowest-grade)

1. Of inferior quality.

   Synonyms: lousy, low-rent, second-rate; see also Thesaurus:low-quality

   Antonym: high-grade

   • 1961 September, “Talking of Trains: Greater scope for steam”, in Modern Railways, page 517:

     Were the possibilities of improving the efficiency of British Railways' steam locomotives by making the best use of the reasonably satisfactory low-grade lump coal available today, and thereby saving more high-grade locomotive coal, borne in mind when it was decided to go ahead rapidly with replacement of steam traction?

2. (medicine, pathology) Minor.

   Antonym: high-grade

   • 2023 February 8, Emma C. Tovey Crutchfield; Sarah E. Garnish; Jessica Day; Holly Anderton; Shene Chiou; Anne Hempel; Cathrine Hall; Komal M. Patel; Pradnya Gangatirkar; Katherine R. Martin; Connie S. N. Li Wai Suen; , Alexandra L. Garnham; Andrew J. Kueh; Ian P. Wicks; John Silke; Ueli Nachbur; Andre L. Samson, James M. Murphy; Joanne M. Hildebrand, “MLKL deficiency protects against low-grade, sterile inflammation in aged mice”, in Cell Death & Differentiation, volume 30, →DOI, pages 1059–1071:

     These studies have identified a novel role for MLKL in aging, revealing a delay in the age-related reduction in circulating lymphocytes and a protection from chronic, low-grade, sterile inflammation in female Mlkl aged mice.

   • 2023 June 29, Elizabeth S. Mayne, Jaya A. George, Susan Louw, “Assessing Biomarkers in Viral Infection”, in Application of Omic Techniques to Identify New Biomarkers and Drug Targets for COVID-19, Springer, →DOI, →ISBN, pages 159–173:

     Elevated cytokine levels in chronic viral infections are attributed to a number of stimuli. In HIV infection, chronic activation has been linked to ongoing low-grade viral replication, presence of opportunistic infections, and microbial translocation.

   • 2024 May 31, Shuliang Ge, Jinhang Wen, Swee-Tian Quek, Wilfred C. G. Peh, “Imaging of Shoulder Infection”, in Medical Radiology, Springer, →DOI, pages 1–22:

     Clinical Presentation
     Patients with septic arthritis or osteomyelitis classically present acutely with localized pain and swelling, joint stiffness, low-grade fever, chills, anorexia, and malaise.

派生語

アナグラム

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