英和和英

語源

Inherited from 中期英語 Thomas, from Latin Thōmās m (as in the Vulgate), from Ancient Greek Θωμᾶς m (Thōmâs), the Biblical Greek transcription of Aramaic תאומא or תאמא (“twin”), the nickname of one of the Twelve Apostles.

In the gospel of John (11:16, 20:24), the Aramaic nickname is also translated into Greek, as δίδυμος m (dídumos). Used as a given name since the Middle Ages, e.g. Thomas the Presbyter (7th century), Thomas the Slav (8th century), Thomas of Bayeux (died 1100).

(infidel or doubter): In reference to the doubting Apostle.

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /ˈtɒm.əs/
• (米国発音) IPA: /ˈtɑ.məs/
• (Indic) IPA: /ˈt̪ʰɔ.məs/, /ˈʈʰ-/
• 韻: -ɒməs

名詞

Thomas (plural Thomases)

1. (derogatory) An infidel or doubter.
   • 1897, Richard Marsh, The Beetle:

     […] and if the surgeons do not preserve you, and place you on view, in pickle, they ought to, for the sake of historical doubters, for no one will believe that there ever was a man like you, unless you yourself are somewhere around to prove them Thomases.

固有名詞

Thomas (countable and uncountable, plural Thomases)

1. An Apostle, best remembered for doubting the resurrection of Jesus.
   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, John 20:24–25:

     But Thomas, one of the twelve, called Didymus, was not with them when Jesus came. The other disciples therefore said unto him, We have seen the LORD. But he said unto them, Except I shall see in his hands the print of the nails, and put my finger into the print of the nails, and thrust my hand into his side, I will not believe.

2. A male given name from Aramaic of biblical origin, popular since the 13th century.
   • 1876, Mark Twain [pseudonym; Samuel Langhorne Clemens], chapter VI, in The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Hartford, Conn.: The American Publishing Company, →OCLC, page 70:

     "Good,—that's a whack. What's your name?" / "Becky Thatcher. What's yours? Oh, I know. It's Thomas Sawyer." / "That's the name they lick me by. I'm Tom when I'm good. You call me Tom, will you?"

   • 1941, Judith Kelly, Marriage is a Private Affair, Harper, published 1944, page 133:

     - - - goodness we scarcely have a name for the baby yet now all of you must take a vote, all of you, but let's have a nice simple name like Thomas don't you think I hate elaborate names, do please all of you vote for Thomas..."

   • 2023 May 24, Nadine Schmidt and Sophie Tanno, “Germany intensifies scrutiny of far-right AfD, labeling its youth wing ‘extremist’”, in CNN‎:

     In 2019, BfV President Thomas Haldenwang said members showed “clear evidence of an anti-immigration and particularly anti-Muslim attitude,” which is contrary to Germany’s democratic principles.

3. A common surname originating as a patronymic.
   • 2006, Chris Wrigley, A.J.P. Taylor: Radical Historian of Europe, London – New York: I.B. Tauris, →ISBN, page 182:

     The reappearance of Dylan and Caitlin Thomas brought her the excitement again of literary gatherings and much uninhibited partying. For a woman of 41 the Thomases represented fun and an opportunity not to play second fiddle to a disapproving husband who was very clear as to what he wanted but not sensitive to her social needs.

   • 2025 March 16, Thomas Mackintosh & Merlyn Thomas, “Trump moves to close down Voice of America”, in BBC‎:

     CBS, the BBC's US news partner, said that VOA employees were notified in an email by Crystal Thomas, the USAGM human resources director.

   • 2025 July 8, Zoe Sottile, “He was born to a US citizen soldier on an army base in Germany. Now he’s been deported to Jamaica, a country he’d never been to”, in CNN‎, archived from the original on 10 July 2025:

     Born on a US military base, the son of a US citizen father serving in the Army, Jermaine Thomas never considered he might not be American.

4. A number of places in the United States:
   1. An unincorporated community in Bureau County, Illinois.
   2. An unincorporated community in Daviess County, Indiana.
   3. A city in Custer County, Oklahoma.
      • 2009, Linda D. Wilson, “Thomas”, in The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture‎, Oklahoma Historical Society, retrieved 13 March 2020:

        Located in northeastern Custer County, Thomas is situated at the intersection of State Highways 33 and 47. Originally, Thomas was a trading point where William Thomas had a general store and served as the first postmaster of a post office designated on February 12, 1894.

   4. A ghost town in Linn County, Oregon.
   5. An unincorporated community in Hamlin County, South Dakota.
   6. An unincorporated community in Buchanan County, Virginia.
   7. A former community in King County, Washington.
   8. A minor city in Tucker County, West Virginia.
   9. A number of townships in the United States, listed under Thomas Township.

派生語

関連する語

• (female given names): Tamsin, Thomasina

派生した語

• → Hawaiian: Kamaki
• → Māori: Tāmati
• → Scottish Gaelic: Tòmas

統計情報

• According to the 2010 United States Census, Thomas is the 16th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 756,142 individuals. Thomas is most common among White (52.6%) and Black/African American (38.8%) individuals.

参照

発音

• IPA: /txoːˈmɑs/

固有名詞

Thōmas m

1. (biblical) Thomas
   • c. 990, Wessex Gospels, John 20:24

     Witodlice Thomas, an of þam twelfum, þe ys gecweden Didimus, þæt ys Gelicost, on ure geþeode, he næs mid him, þa se Haelend com

     Now Thomas (also known as Didymus), one of the Twelve, was not with the disciples when Jesus came.

発音

固有名詞

Thomas

1. a male given name from Aramaic
   • 1470–1483 (date produced), Thom̃s Malleorre [i.e., Thomas Malory], “[Launcelot and Guinevere]”, in Le Morte Darthur (British Library Additional Manuscript 59678), [England: s.n.], folio 449, recto, lines 18–21:

     And here on þͤ othir ſyde folowyth the moſte pytevous tale of the morte Arthure ſaunz Gwerdon · Ꝑ le ſhyvalere ẜ Thomᷓs Malleorre knyȝt

     And here on the other side followeth the most piteous tale of the mort d’Arthur sans guerdon, par le chevalier Sir Thomas Malory, knight.

派生語

• Thomme

派生した語

• English: Thomas
  • → Hawaiian: Kamaki
  • → Māori: Tāmati
  • → Scottish Gaelic: Tòmas

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈtʰoː.maːs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈtɔː.mas]

固有名詞

Thōmās m (genitive Thōmae); first declension

1. (Christianity) Thomas the Apostle.
2. a male given name from Aramaic of Biblical origin

語形変化

First-declension noun (masculine, Greek-type, nominative singular in -ās), singular only.

• The accusative is sometimes Thōmām.

派生した語

• Eastern Romance:
  • >? Romanian: Toma
• >? Italian: Tommaso
• → Sicilian: Tummasu
• Old Navarro-Aragonese:
  • Aragonese: Tomás
• Old Leonese:
  • Asturian: Tomás
• >? Old French: Tumas m
  • Middle French: Thomas m
    • French: Thomas m
      • → Vietnamese: Tô-ma, Tôma, Thô-ma
• Old Occitan:
  • Catalan: Tomàs m
  • Occitan: Tomàs
• >? Old Galician-Portuguese: Thomas
  • Galician: Tomás, Tomé
  • Portuguese: Tomás, Thomás, Thomaz (dated), Tomé
• >? Old Spanish:
  • Spanish: Tomás
    • → Cebuano: Tomas
    • → Tagalog: Tomas
    • → Chinese: 托馬斯 / 托马斯 (Tuōmǎsī) (transliteration)
  • Norman: Thonmas, Thomas
• Piedmontese: Tomà
• Sicilian: Tumasi
• Venetan: Tomà
• → Basque: Tomas
• → Czech: Tomáš
• → Danish: Thomas, Tomas
  • → Greenlandic: Tuumarsi
• → Estonian: Toomas
• → Faroese: Tummas
• → Finnish: Tuomas
• → German: Thomas
• → Hungarian: Tamás
• → Icelandic: Tómas
• → Irish: Tomás
• → Latvian: Toms, Tomass
• → Lithuanian: Tomas
• → Maltese: Tumas
• → Manx: Thomaase
• → Middle English: Thomas
  • English: Thomas
    • → Hawaiian: Kamaki
    • → Māori: Tāmati
    • → Scottish Gaelic: Tòmas
• → Norwegian: Thomas, Tomas
• → Polish: Tomasz
• → Sami: Dommá, Duomis, Duommá
• → Scottish Gaelic: Tàmhas, Tòmas
• → Slovak: Tomáš
• → Slovene: Tomaž
• → Swedish: Tomas, Thomas
• → Welsh: Tomos
• → West Frisian: Tomas