英和和英

語源

From 中期英語 countee, counte, conte, from Anglo-Norman counté, Old French conté (French comté), from Latin comitātus (“jurisdiction of a count”), from comes (“count, earl”). Cognate with Spanish condado (“county”) and Italian contea (“county”). Doublet of comitatus, borrowed directly from Latin. Mostly displaced native 古期英語 sċīr, whence Modern English shire.

発音

• (英国発音)
  • enPR: kountē, (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈkaʊnti/
  • (Northumbria) IPA: /ˈkuːntɪ/
• (General American) IPA: /ˈkaʊn(t)i/, [ˈkʰaʊ̯nti], [ˈkʰaʊ̯ɾ̃i]
• 韻: -aʊnti

名詞

county (countable and uncountable, plural counties)

1. (historical) The land ruled by a count or a countess.

   Synonyms: countship, countdom

   • 2018, Paul Arblaster, A History of the Low Countries‎:

     The first of the principalities of the Low Countries to take clear shape was the county of Flanders.

2. An administrative or geographical region of various countries, including Bhutan, Canada, China, Croatia, Ireland, Japan, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Romania, South Korea, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and 47 of the 50 United States (excluding Alaska, Connecticut, and Louisiana).
   • 2018 May 10, Stephen Dinan, “Half of all Americans now live in ‘sanctuaries’ protecting immigrants”, in The Washington Times‎:

     Entire states such as California, Illinois and New York are now sanctuaries, as well as major cities and counties such as Fairfax, Montgomery and Prince George’s counties and the District of Columbia in the capital region, according to the list. […] FAIR says the county is a sanctuary because it tells police not to ask about immigration status even during an arrest.

3. A definitive geographic region, without direct administrative functions.

   traditional county

4. (US, slang, uncountable) A jail operated by a county government.

   He can't come; he's up in the county for agg assault.

   • 1994, Quentin Tarantino, Roger Avary, Pulp Fiction, spoken by The Wolf (Harvey Keitel):

     Okay gentlemen, you've both been to county before, I'm sure. Here it comes.

使用する際の注意点

• In US usage, counties are almost always designated as such, with the word "County" capitalized and following the name — e.g., "Lewis County", rarely "Lewis", and never "County Lewis".
• In British usage, counties are referenced without designation — e.g. "Kent" and never "Kent County". The one exception is Durham, which is often "County Durham" but never "Durham County". An organisation such as Kent County Council is the "County Council" of "Kent" and not the "Council" of "Kent County".
• In Irish usage, counties are designated as such, with the word "County" capitalised and preceding the name — e.g., "County Carlow".
• In Canadian usage, counties are typically designated as such, with the word "County" capitalized and usually preceding the name — e.g., "the County of Two Hills". Occasionally, "County" follows the name, as in "Sturgeon County".

同意語

• (from Mandarin Chinese) hsien, xian

派生語

関連する語

• count

派生した語

• → German: County
• → Swahili: kaunti

参考

形容詞

county (comparative more county, superlative most county)

1. Characteristic of a ‘county family’; representative of the gentry or aristocracy of a county.
   • 1886, Andrew Lang, The Mark of Cain:

     Now, in the district around Chipping Carby, the County Families are very County indeed, few more so.

   • 1979, John Le Carré, Smiley's People, Folio Society, published 2010, page 274:

     She was a tall girl and county, with Hilary's walk: she seemed to topple even when she sat.

   • 2007, Heather Julien, Gender and Literacy in Britain, 1847--1987, →ISBN:

     The other two, like many of her characters, have fallen on harder times: Joan's family has recently lost her father, a small flour-mill owner -- described by a supporter as more "county" than the upstart newcomers who covet their property ...

   • 2015, Kate Macdonald, Novelists Against Social Change: Conservative Popular Fiction, 1920-1960, →ISBN:

     Susan Dean realises that her secretary, Eleanor Grantly, is much more county than she ever will be, because Eleanor knows all the Barsetshire family connections and is connected herself.