_abridgment_の英語

語源

First attested in 1494. From 中期英語 abrygement, from Middle French abrégement. Equivalent to abridge +‎ -ment.

発音

• (米国発音) IPA: /əˈbɹɪd͡ʒ.mənt/

名詞

abridgment (countable and uncountable, plural abridgments)

1. (US) The act of abridging; reduction or deprivation [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).]

   Synonyms: diminution, lessening, shortening

   an abridgment of pleasures or of expenses

2. (US) The state of being abridged or lessened.
3. (US) An epitome or compend, as of a book; a shortened or abridged form; an abbreviation. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).]
   • 1910, James George Frazer, Totemism and Exogamy, volume 1, page viii:

     The article which embodied my researches having proved somewhat too long for its purpose, an abridgment of it only was inserted in the Encyclopædia.

   • 2012 March 22, Scott Tobias, “The Hunger Games”, in AV Club‎:

     When the goal is simply to be as faithful as possible to the material—as if a movie were a marriage, and a rights contract the vow—the best result is a skillful abridgment, one that hits all the important marks without losing anything egregious.

4. (obsolete) That which abridges or cuts short; hence, an entertainment that makes the time pass quickly
   • 1605, Shakespeare, Midsummer Night's Dream, V-i:

     What abridgment have you for this evening? What masque? what music?

5. (dated, law) Any of various brief statements of case law made before modern reporting of legal cases.
6. (law) The leaving out of certain portions of a plaintiff's demand, the writ still holding good for the remainder.

使用する際の注意点

• In current usage this spelling is about as common as abridgement in the US, but much less common in the UK.
• Notes on near-synonyms:
  • An abridgment is made by omitting the less important parts of some larger work; as, an abridgment of a dictionary.
  • A compendium is a brief exhibition of a subject, or science, for common use; as, a compendium of American literature.
  • An epitome corresponds to a compendium, and gives briefly the most material points of a subject; as, an epitome of history.
  • An abstract is a brief statement of a thing in its main points.
  • A synopsis is a bird's-eye view of a subject, or work, in its several parts.

同意語

• (act of abridging): compendium, epitome, abstract, synopsis, précis

派生語

関連する語

• abridge

参照

Further reading

• “abridgment”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “abridgment”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
• “abridgment”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.