Syngenとは 意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• singgen, singe, singen, synge
• zinge (Kent); cyngyn, cynggyn (Promptorium Parvulorum)
• sing, syng (especially Northern)

発音

• IPA: /ˈsinɡən/, /ˈsiːnɡən/

動詞

syngen (third-person singular simple present syngeth, present participle syngynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative song, past participle songen)

1. To sing; to produce sound with one's voice:
   1. To chant; to sing verse (especially of a religious nature).
      • a. 1380, John Wycliffe, Of feyned contemplatif lif, of song, of þe ordynal of salisbury, & of bodely almes & worldly bysynesse of prestis; hou bi þes foure þe fend lettiþ hem fro prechynge of þe gospel‎:

        Þan were matynys & masse & euen song, placebo & dirige & comendacion & matynes of oure lady ordeyned of synful men, to be songen wiþ heiȝe criynge to lette men fro þe sentence & vnderstondynge of þat þat was þus songen, & to maken men wery & vndisposid to studie goddis lawe for akyng of hedis […]

        Then there were matins, mass, evensong, placebo, dirges, commendations, and matins of Our Lady, which originated from sinful men, to be sung with high-pitched shrieking to keep people from the meaning and understanding of that which was sung, as to make men weary and unsuited to study God's law because of headaches […]

   2. To explain or retell in song; to sing a tale.
   3. To cry in agony; to produce lamentations.
   4. To produce birdsong or a similar noise.
      • a. 1250, unknown, “Sumer is icumen in”‎:

        Lhude sing cuccu / Groweþ sed / and bloweþ med

        Sing loudly, cuckoo! / seed grows / and fields bloom

2. To recite or declare (especially in a particular way or manner):
   1. To recite a spoken prayer or religious commendation.
   2. To perform the Eucharist (in a given way).
   3. To talk about; to recount or explain.
   4. (rare) To recite non-sung verse or poetry.
3. To use or play a musical instrument.
4. To make the sound of a musical instrument.
5. To suffer; to agony or sorrow.
6. (rare) To make an animal sound.

Conjugation

関連する語

• song

派生語

派生した語

• English: sing
• Middle Scots: sing, syng
  • Scots: sing
• Yola: zing

参照

• “singen, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 20 September 2019.

語源 2

Inherited from 古期英語 syngian (“to sin”),. from synniġ (“sinful”) +‎ -ian; by surface analysis, synne (“sin”) +‎ -wen. Compare later synnen.

Some forms, especially those with a medial vowel between /n/ and /ɡ/ or /ɣ/, apparently developed from a late 古期英語 *synegian formed by analogy to the variation between mynegian and myngian.

別の表記

• singen, synege, synegen, synewe, synwe
• seneȝin, sunege, sunegen, suneghie, suneȝan, suneȝien, sunehe, synȝien (Early Middle English); sunegin (AB language); sinnȝhenn (Ormulum)
• sengen (East Saxon); seneȝi, zeneȝi (Kent)
• sunegun, suneguy, sunegy, sungy, synewi (Southern); senegen, singy, sunegi, sunge, synegy (Southwest Midland)

発音

• IPA: /ˈsinɡən/, /ˈsinəɡən/, /ˈsinwən/, /ˈsiniu̯ən/
• IPA: /ˈzyn(ə)ɡiː/, /ˈzyniu̯iː/ (Southern, Southwest Midland)
• IPA: /ˈsin(ə)ɣən/ (Early Middle English), /ˈzɛn(ə)ɣiː/ (Ayenbite)

動詞

syngen (third-person singular simple present syngeth, present participle syngende, syngynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle synged)

1. To sin; to commit sins, especially of a sexual nature.

   Synonym: synnen

   • c. 1225, Ancrene Ƿiſſe (MS. Corpus Christi 402)‎, Ludlow, Shropshire, published c. 1235, folio 14, verso; republished at Cambridge: Parker Library on the Web, January 2018:

     Alſƿa Berſabee þurh ꝥ ha unƿreah hıre ı dauıðes ſıhðe⸵ ha dude him ſunegın on hıre ſe halı kıng aſ he ƿeſ ant godeſ ꝓpħe.

     Furthermore Bathsheba, since she undressed herself with David looking, had her sin with him, [even though] he was a holy king and God's prophet.

   • c. 1370, [William Langland], “[Passus 5]”, in Petrus plowmon (V, A-text), Worcestershire, published c. 1390, folio 398, recto; republished as Bodleian Library MS. Eng. poet. a. 1, Oxford: Digital Bodleian, 10 January 2019:

     And seþþen heo aſked of him. whoder þat he wolde / ¶ To holi chirche ꝗd he. foꝛ to here Maſſe. / And ſeþþen I. chule ben I. schriuen. ⁊. sunge no moꝛe

     […] and then she asked him where he'd be going. / "To Holy Church," he said, "to attend Mass, / and then I'll have confession heard and won't sin anymore".

Conjugation

参照