castusとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

Verbal adjective from the same root of careō (“to lack”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *ḱes- (“to cut”). Compare the meanings of pūrus/putus and derived putō. Related to Etruscan 𐌂𐌀𐌔𐌕𐌂𐌄 (castce).

形容詞

castus (feminine casta, neuter castum, comparative castior, superlative castissimus, adverb castē); first/second-declension adjective

1. morally pure, guiltless, spotless

   Synonyms: innoxius, īnsōns, innocēns

   Antonyms: reus, obnoxius, noxius, cōnscius

2. especially in regard to sexual morality: pure, chaste, unpolluted, virtuous, continent
   • 8 CE, Ovidius, Fasti 4.307–308:

     casta quidem, sed nōn et crēdita: rūmor inīquus
     laeserat, et falsī crīminis ācta rea est.

     Chaste, [she was] indeed, and yet had not been believed [to be so]:
     unjust slander had wronged her, and she was charged on a false accusation.
     (See Claudia Quinta.)

3. pure, free from barbarisms
4. in a religious context: religious, pious, holy, sacred

語形変化

First/second-declension adjective.

派生語

派生した語

語源 2

From careō +‎ -tus, thus from the same root as Etymology 1.

名詞

castus m (genitive castūs); fourth declension

1. (pre-classical, post-Classical) an abstinence from sensual enjoyments on religious grounds

   Synonym: castimōnia

語形変化

Fourth-declension noun.

派生語

参照

Further reading

• “castus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “castus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "castus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “castus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.