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日本語WordNet(英和)
carina
名詞
Wiktionary英語版
出典：Wiktionary
carina
出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/01/06 00:42 UTC 版)
名詞
carina (plural carinas or carinae)
- A longitudinal ridge or projection like the keel of a boat.
- (botany) Part of a papilionaceous flower consisting of two petals, commonly united, which encloses the organs of fructification.
- (botany) The keel of the glume of grasses.
- (botany) The principal nerve of a sepal.
- (ornithology) The keel of the breastbone of birds.
- (anatomy) Any of several features that have a projecting central ridge.
派生語
- carina apex
- carinal
- carination
- carina tracheae
- cariniform
- carinula
語源
Cognate with Welsh ceri (“stone of a fruit”) and Ancient Greek κάρυον (káruon, “nut”). The earliest attested meaning is "ship's keel", though whether the original meaning was "keel" or "walnut shell" is unclear.
The further origin is disputed:
- Borrowed from a European substrate, whence also the Welsh and Greek terms. Alternatively, borrowed from Greek, itself borrowed from said substrate.
- From a Proto-Indo-European *ker- (“hard”), and compared further to cancer (“crab”).
- From Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂- (“head, top”). (Can this etymology be sourced?)
発音
- (Classical Latin) IPA: [kaˈriː.na]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [kaˈriː.na]
名詞
carīna f (genitive carīnae); first declension
- keel or hull of a ship
- (figuratively) ship
- half of a walnut shell
語形変化
First-declension noun.
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | carīna | carīnae |
| genitive | carīnae | carīnārum |
| dative | carīnae | carīnīs |
| accusative | carīnam | carīnās |
| ablative | carīnā | carīnīs |
| vocative | carīna | carīnae |
関連する語
- Carīnae
- cornu
派生した語
Through Vulgar Latin *carēna:
- Italo-Romance:
- Italian: carena
- → French: carène
- → English: carene, careen
- → French: carène
- Italian: carena
- Gallo-Italic:
- Ligurian: carena
- Gallo-Romance:
- Catalan: carena
- Ibero-Romance:
- Galician: carena
- Spanish: carena
- ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *cerēna
- → Proto-Brythonic: *keruɨn
- Middle Welsh: kerwyn
- Welsh: cerwyn
- Middle Welsh: kerwyn
- → Proto-Brythonic: *keruɨn
Borrowings:
- → English: carina
- → Greek: καρίνα (karína)
- ⇒ Translingual: Carinacea
参照
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “carīna”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 93
Further reading
- “carina”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “carina”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- "carina", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- “carina”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- “carina”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “carina”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
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