英和和英

語源 1

From 中期英語 geld (and reinforced by Medieval Latin geldum), both from 古期英語 ġeld, ġield (“payment, tribute”) (which regularly yield yield), from Proto-West Germanic *geld, from Proto-Germanic *geldą (“reward, gift, money”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰeldʰ- (“to pay”). Probably reinforced by gelt (which see), see Norwegian Bokmål gjeld (“debt”), Danish gæld (“debt”) (whence apparently the otherwise irregular hard g in 中期英語 geld and perhaps also in Medieval Latin geldum, as opposed to the regular continuation yield from 古期英語). Geld is also written gelt or gild, and as such found in wergild, Danegeld, etc. Doublet of yield.

名詞

geld (countable and uncountable, plural gelds)

1. (chiefly archaic, dialectal or historical) Money.
   1. (Northern England) A payment.
   2. (historical) In particular, (money paid as) a medieval form of land tax.

派生語

動詞

geld (third-person singular simple present gelds, present participle gelding, simple past and past participle gelded)

1. (historical) To tax geld.

派生語

関連する語

語源 2

From 中期英語 gelden, from Old Norse gelda (“to geld, castrate”), from Proto-Germanic *galdijaną (“to castrate”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰel- (“to cut”).

Cognate with Old Norse geldr (“yielding no milk, dry”), German galt, gelt (“not giving milk, barren”), Gothic 𐌲𐌹𐌻𐌸𐌰 (gilþa, “sickle”). Compare the archaic German Gelze (“castrated swine”) and gelzen (“to castrate”), Danish galt (“castrated boar”) (from Old Norse gǫltr (“boar, hog”), cognate with English gilt and gilde (“to geld”). "gelding" derives from Old Norse geldingr.

動詞

geld (third-person singular simple present gelds, present participle gelding, simple past and past participle gelded or gelt)

1. (transitive) To castrate a male (usually an animal).
   • 1922, Virginia Woolf, Jacob's Room, Vintage Classics, paperback edition, pages 16–17:

     "Poor old Topaz," said Mrs Flanders, as he stretched himself out in the sun, and she smiled, thinking how she had had him gelded, and how she did not like red hair in men.

2. (transitive, figurative) To suppress or severely reduce sexual desire or libido.
   • 1961, Harry E. Wedeck, Dictionary of Aphrodisiacs, New York: The Citadel Press, page 213:

     Camphor if smell'd
     A man will geld.

3. (transitive, figurative) To deprive of anything essential; to weaken.

派生語

名詞

geld (plural gelds)

1. A female animal, such as a ewe or cow, that is not pregnant.

参照

アナグラム

• gled

名詞

ġeld n

1. alternative form of ġield

語形変化

Strong a-stem: