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語源

From Latin mōmentum. Doublet of moment and movement.

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˌmə(ʊ)ˈmɛntəm/
• (General American, Canada) IPA: /ˌmoʊˈmɛntəm/
• (General Australian) IPA: /ˌməʉˈmentəm/
• (New Zealand) IPA: /ˌmɐʉˈmentəm/
• (North India) IPA: /mɵˈmɛɳʈəm/, /mʊ-/
• (South India) IPA: /mɵməɳˈʈəm/, /mʊ-/

名詞

momentum (countable and uncountable, plural momentums or momenta)

1. (physics) Of a body in motion: the tendency of a body to maintain its inertial motion; the product of its mass and velocity, or the vector sum of the products of its masses and velocities.
2. (physics) Strength or force gained by motion or movement.
3. The impetus, either of a body in motion, or of an idea or course of events; a moment.
   • 1843, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Mosses from an Old Manse, The Old Apple Dealer:

     The travellers swarm forth from the cars. All are full of the momentum which they have caught from their mode of conveyance.

   • 1882, Thomas Hardy, chapter II, in Two on a Tower. A Romance. [...] In Three Volumes, volume II, London: Sampson Low, Marston, Searle, & Rivington, […], →OCLC, page 31:

     Their intention to become husband and wife, at first halting and timorous, had accumulated momentum with the lapse of hours, till it now bore down every obstacle in its course.

   • 2013 September 14, Jane Shilling, “The Golden Thread: the Story of Writing, by Ewan Clayton, review [print edition: Illuminating language]”, in The Daily Telegraph (Review)‎, page R29:

     Though his account of written communication over the past 5,000 years necessarily has a powerful forward momentum, his diversions down the fascinating byways of the subject are irresistible ...

4. (finance) The surmise of an accelerated price trend in the technical analysis of an asset.

派生語

参考

• wind at one's back

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [moːˈmɛn.tũː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [moˈmɛn.tum]

名詞

mōmentum n (genitive mōmentī); second declension

1. movement, motion, impulse; course
2. change, revolution, movement, disturbance
3. particle, part, point
4. (of time) brief space, moment (in time), short time

   Synonyms: vestīgium, pūnctum

5. cause, circumstance
6. weight, influence, importance

   Synonyms: importantia, gravitās, pondus, opportūnitās

   mōmentum facere/habere ― to have importance, to exercise influence

   maximē mōmentī ― most important

7. (New Latin, physics) momentum, quantity of motion [from 18th c.]
8. (New Latin, physics, mechanics) moment (product of a distance and physical quantity) [from 15th c.]

語形変化

Second-declension noun (neuter).

派生語

派生した語

参照

• “momentum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “momentum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• momentum in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2026), Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
• "momentum", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “momentum”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • at the important moment: momento temporis
    
  • important results are often produced by trivial causes: ex parvis saepe magnarum rerum momenta pendent
    
  • to be of great (no) importance: magni (nullius) momenti esse
    
  • to determine the issue of; to turn the scale: momentum afferre ad aliquid