英和和英

語源

From Middle English bireven, from 古期英語 berēafian (“to bereave, deprive of, take away, seize, rob, despoil”), from Proto-Germanic *biraubōną, and 古期英語 berēofan (“to bereave, deprive, rob of”); both equivalent to be- +‎ reave. Cognate with Dutch beroven (“to rob, deprive, bereave”), German berauben (“to deprive, rob, bereave”), Danish berøve (“to deprive of”), Norwegian berøve (“to deprive”), Swedish beröva (“to rob”), Gothic ���������������� (biraubōn).

発音

• (英国発音, 米国発音) IPA^(key): /bɪˈɹiːv/
• 韻: -iːv

動詞

bereave (三人称単数 現在形 bereaves, 現在分詞 bereaving, 過去形および過去分詞形 bereaved または bereft)

1. (transitive) To deprive by or as if by violence; to rob; to strip; to benim.
   • c. 1596–1598, William Shakespeare, “The Merchant of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act III, scene ii]:

     Madam, you have bereft me of all words,

   • 1719, Thomas Tickell, On the Death of Mr. Addison

     bereft of him who taught me how to sing

2. (transitive, obsolete) To take away by destroying, impairing, or spoiling; take away by violence.
   • 1591, William Shakespeare, “The Second Part of Henry the Sixt, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act III, scene i]:

     All your interest in those territories / Is utterly bereft you; all is lost.

   • c. 1589–1590, Christopher Marlo[we], Tho[mas] Heywood, editor, The Famous Tragedy of the Rich Ievv of Malta. […], London: […] I[ohn] B[eale] for Nicholas Vavasour, […], published 1633, OCLC 1121318438, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals):

     […] shall move you to bereave my life.

3. (transitive) To deprive of power; prevent.
4. (transitive) To take away someone or something that is important or close; deprive.

   Death bereaved him of his wife.

   The castaways were bereft of hope.

5. (intransitive, rare) To destroy life; cut off.

派生語

• bereavement
• bereaver

関連する語

• reave