英和和英

語源

From Middle English yest, yeest, gest, gist, from 古期英語 ġist, ġyst, from Proto-West Germanic *jestu, from Proto-Germanic *jestuz. Cognate with Saterland Frisian Jääst (“yeast”), West Frisian gêst, gist (“yeast”), Dutch gist (“yeast”), German Low German Gest (“yeast”), German Gischt (“sea foam”), Swedish jäst (“yeast”), Norwegian jest (“yeast”), Icelandic jöstur (“yeast”).

発音

• (Received 発音) enPR: yēst, IPA^(key): /jiːst/
• (General American) enPR: yēst, IPA^(key): /jist/
• (dialectal) IPA^(key): /iːst/^[1]
• 韻: -iːst

名詞

yeast (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 yeasts)

1. An often humid, yellowish froth produced by fermenting malt worts, and used to brew beer, leaven bread, and also used in certain medicines.
2. A single-celled fungus of a wide variety of taxonomic families.
   • 1903, Alfred Peter Carlslund Jørgensen (R. Grey, translator), Practical Management of Pure Yeast: The Application and Examination of Brewery, Distillery, and Wine, Yeasts, The Brewing trade review, page 17:

     A microscopical examination of the yeast taken from these rapid vigorous fermentations will only be able to give useful conclusions in one respect.

   1. A true yeast or budding yeast in order Saccharomycetales.
      1. baker's yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae
         1. A compressed cake or dried granules of this substance used for mixing with flour to make bread dough rise.
      2. brewer's yeast, certain species of Saccharomyces, principally Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces carlsbergensis.
   2. Candida, a ubiquitous fungus that can cause various kinds of infections in humans.
      1. The resulting infection, candidiasis.
3. (figurative) A frothy foam.
   • 1851 November 14, Herman Melville, Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC:

     But what most puzzled and confounded you was a long, limber, portentous, black mass of something hovering in the centre of the picture over three blue, dim, perpendicular lines floating in a nameless yeast.

派生語

参考

• leaven
• nutritional yeast

動詞

yeast (三人称単数 現在形 yeasts, 現在分詞 yeasting, 過去形および過去分詞形 yeasted)

1. To ferment.
2. (of something prepared with a yeasted dough) To rise.
3. (African-American Vernacular, slang) To exaggerate. ^[2]

参照

アナグラム

• Yates, Yeats, as yet, teasy, yates, yeats