英和和英

語源

From 中期英語 dow, dogh, dagh, from 古期英語 dāg, from Proto-Germanic *daigaz (“dough”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeyǵʰ- (“to knead, form, mold”).

Cognate with Scots daich, dauch, doach (“dough”), North Frisian dii, Jai (“dough”), West Frisian daai (“dough”), Dutch deeg (“dough”), German Teig (“dough”), Low German and Luxembourgish Deeg (“dough”), Vilamovian taag (“dough”), Yiddish טייג (teyg, “dough”), Danish dej (“dough”), Faroese deiggj (“dough”), Icelandic, Norwegian Bokmål, and Norwegian Nynorsk deig (“dough”), Swedish deg (“dough”), Gothic 𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌲𐍃 (daigs, “dough”).

The derivation of the second meaning (of money) is obscure, but dates to the mid 19th century.

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /dəʊ/
• (General American) IPA: /doʊ/, [ˈdö̞ʷʊ̯ʷ]
• (Northern England) IPA: /dʊf/
• (Indic) IPA: /ɖo/, /ɖəf/
• 韻: -əʊ, -ʌf
• (most accents) 異形同音異義語: doh, d'oh, doe, (in music) do

名詞

dough (usually uncountable, plural doughs)

1. A thick, malleable substance made by mixing flour with other ingredients such as water, eggs, or butter, that is made into a particular form and then baked.

   Pizza dough is very stretchy.

2. (slang) Money.

   His mortgage payments left him short on dough.

   • 1906, O. Henry, “From the Cabby's Seat”, in The Four Million, page 170:

     "I want to see four dollars before goin' any further on th' thrip. Have ye got th' dough?"

   • 1976 September, Saul Bellow, Humboldt’s Gift, New York, N.Y.: Avon Books, →ISBN, page 377:

     I am astonished, really astonished, that you didn't put away some dough. You must be bananas.

   • 2021 January 13, Gillian Friedman, “Jobless, Selling Nudes Online and Still Struggling”, in The New York Times‎, →ISSN:

     “It is already an incredibly saturated market,” Ms. Jones said of explicit content online. “The idea that people are just going to open up an OnlyFans account and start raking in the dough is really misguided.”

3. (US military slang, countable) Clipping of doughboy (“an infantryman”).

派生語

動詞

dough (third-person singular simple present doughs, present participle doughing, simple past and past participle doughed)

1. (transitive) To make into dough.

   The flour was doughed with a suitable quantity of water.

派生語

• dougher

参照

• Lighter, Jonathan (1972), “The Slang of the American Expeditionary Forces in Europe, 1917-1919: An Historical Glossary”, in American Speech‎, volume 47, number 1/2, page 44

Further reading

• dough on Wikipedia.Wikipedia