countably infiniteとは 意味・読み方・使い方

形容詞

countably infinite (not comparable)

1. (set theory, of a set) That is both countable and infinite; having the same cardinality as the set of natural numbers; formally, such that a bijection exists from ℕ to the set.
   • 1953 [Addison-Wesley], Bruce Elwyn Meserve, Fundamental Concepts of Algebra, 1982, Dover, page 36,

     This one-to-one correspondence between the set of positive integers and the set of pairs of positive integers indicates that the set of pairs is countably infinite. Since the set of positive rational numbers is a subset of the set of all pairs of positive integers, the set of positive rational numbers is at most countably infinite. Then, since it is also at least countably infinite, the set of positive rational numbers is countably infinite.

   • 1970, Edna E. Kramer, The Nature and Growth of Modern Mathematics, Princeton University Press, 1982, Paperback, page 332,

     Instead of saying that the aggregate of natural numbers is countably infinite (see Chapter 24), one can use Cantor's symbolism and state that its cardinal number is ${\displaystyle \aleph _{0}}$ (read aleph null). […] Now the range of a random variable may be a finite set, a countably infinite set, or a continuum.

   • 2000, Ethan D. Bloch, Proofs and Fundamentals: A First Course in Abstract Mathematics, Springer (Birkhäuser), page 211,

     The term “countably infinite” would seem to suggest that such a set is infinite. However, the definitions of “countably infinite” and “infinite” were made separately, and so we have to prove that countably infinite sets are indeed infinite (otherwise our notation would be rather misleading).

上位語

• (set theory): countable, infinite

等位語

• (set theory): finite, uncountable

参考

• continuum

Further reading

• Countable set on Wikipedia.
• Aleph number on Wikipedia.
• Cardinal number on Wikipedia.
• Counting on Wikipedia.
• Ordinal number on Wikipedia.
• Hilbert's paradox of the Grand Hotel on Wikipedia.