iumentumとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

Perhaps from Proto-Italic *jouksməntom, itself an extension of earlier Proto-Indo-European *yéwgmn̥ (“yoking”), from *yewg- (“to yoke”).

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [juːˈmɛn.tũː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [juˈmɛn.tum]

名詞

iūmentum n (genitive iūmentī); second declension

1. (zoology) A draft animal, a beast of burden, a large domestic animal suitable for drawing carts and carriages: a cow, horse, mule, or donkey.

   Synonym: veterīnum

   Hyponyms: asinus, bōs, equus, mūlus

   • 1st century, L. Iunius Moderatus Columella, De Res Rustica, Book VI, Preface, Sect. 3:

     Unde etiam iūmenta et armenta nōmina ā rē trāxēre quod nostrum labōrem vel onera subvectandō vel arandō iuvārent.

     And so it is that iumenta and armenta draw their names from the fact that they aid our work either by bringing up burdens or by plowing.

2. (zoology) synonym of iūmenta: such animals taken collectively.
3. (vehicles) A vehicle drawn by such animals: a wagon, a carriage, a cart.

   Synonyms: carrus, plaustrum

4. (Late Latin) mare, female horse (Lex Salica)

使用する際の注意点

In Latin, iūmenta are distinguished both from the armenta used to draw ploughs and from weaker domestic animals (pecora) unable to pull heavy loads such as riding horses and donkeys used only as pack animals.

語形変化

Second-declension noun (neuter).

派生語

派生した語

参照

• “iumentum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "iumentum", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• "Pecus; Jumentum; Armentum; Grex" in H.H. Arnold's translation of Ludwig von Döderlein's Hand-Book of Latin Synonymes (1841), pp. 158–9.